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A8 study help - Preparing and Managing Contracts Updated: 2024
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Exam Details:
- Number of Questions: The exact number of questions may vary, but the exam typically consists of multiple-choice questions.
- Time: Candidates are usually given a specific time duration to complete the exam.
Course Outline:
The A8 Preparing and Managing Contracts certification course is designed to validate candidates' knowledge and skills in contract management and administration. The course outline includes the following topics:
1. Introduction to Contract Management
- Understanding the importance and purpose of contracts
- Roles and responsibilities of contract managers
- Legal and ethical considerations in contract management
2. Preparing Contracts
- Contract planning and strategy
- Contract terms and conditions
- Request for Proposal (RFP) and contract negotiation
3. Contract Execution and Administration
- Contract implementation and monitoring
- Change management and contract amendments
- Performance evaluation and measurement
4. Contract Closeout
- Contract termination and completion
- Finalizing contractual obligations
- Lessons learned and contract review
Exam Objectives:
The A8 exam aims to assess candidates' understanding of contract management principles and their ability to effectively prepare, execute, and manage contracts. The exam objectives include:
1. Demonstrating knowledge of contract management concepts, principles, and legal considerations.
2. Applying contract planning and strategy techniques to develop effective contracts.
3. Understanding contract terms and conditions and their implications.
4. Managing contract execution, including monitoring, change management, and performance evaluation.
5. Closing out contracts and finalizing contractual obligations.
6. Identifying and managing contract risks.
7. Resolving contract disputes and managing claims.
Exam Syllabus:
The exam syllabus covers the following topics:
- Introduction to Contract Management
- Preparing Contracts
- Contract Execution and Administration
- Contract Closeout
- Contract Risk Management
Candidates are expected to have a comprehensive understanding of these courses and demonstrate their ability to apply contract management principles in real-world scenarios. The exam assesses their knowledge, critical thinking skills, and ability to effectively manage contracts throughout their lifecycle.
Preparing and Managing Contracts CIPS Preparing study help
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A8
Preparing and Managing Contracts
https://killexams.com/pass4sure/exam-detail/A8 Answer: Pending. Please Send your suggestions to support@ Question: 103
a) State TWO dangers of cost reimbursable pricing.
b) Identify THREE safeguards which may help to protect the buyer against these dangers. Answer: Pending. Please Send your suggestions to support@ Question: 104
a) give THREE implied conditions of the Sale of Goods Act (1979) relating to sale by sample.
b) give TWO examples of contracts that would not be subject to the Sale of Goods Act (1979). Answer: Pending. Please Send your suggestions to support@ Question: 105
Identify FIVE guidelines, laid down by the Unfair Contract Terms Act (1977), that help
determine whether a contract clause is 'reasonable'. Answer: Pending. Please Send your suggestions to support@ Question: 106
a) Define the term 'fixed pricing'.
b) State THREE advantages of fixed pricing for the purchaser. Answer: Pending. Please Send your suggestions to support@ Question: 107
Briefly describe FIVE benefits of effective contract management. Answer: Pending. Please Send your suggestions to support@
37 Question: 108
State FIVE purposes of a contract. Answer: Pending. Please Send your suggestions to support@ Question: 109
You are the supply chain manager for a large hospital. Because of the constant need to Reduce
costs and maintain high standards, it has been examining the advantages and possible pitfalls of
sourcing many of its supplies from some of the emerging economies of the world, particularly
those in the Far East. After a time it becomes apparent that your staff are able to negotiate such
issues as the price and delivery time of the supplies, but do not know how to go about agreeing
contracts with international suppliers with regard to packaging and transport, as well as
customs and other duties payable. You are aware of the nature and purposes of Incoterms and
you need to make your staff aware of these. You also have in mind some specific Incoterms
that you believe would be useful for your organisation.
TASKS
a) Explain the purpose of Incoterms and the ways in which their use benefits both buyer and
seller.
b) Outline the provisions of Ex-works (EXW).
c) Outline the provisions of Free on Board (FOB).
d) Suggest which Incoterm you would use for the hospital and provide reasons for your choice. Answer: Pending. Please Send your suggestions to support@ Question: 110
You are the purchasing manager of Merson and Oakes Ltd., a major firm of construction
contractors. You realise that none of your staff understand the application of contract price
adjustment formulae. You believe that it would be a good idea to use these in long-term
contracts, due to increasing economic uncertainty in some parts of the world. Instead of using
such formulae, members of staff are either forcing suppliers to accept fixedprice contracts or
are accepting suppliers?? requests to enter into cost-plus type contracts. Also, given the long
term nature of many contracts, you are surprised that the staff in the department do not
understand retention clauses. You are planning a training session for Merson and Oakes??s
staff. As part of your preparation undertake the following:
TASKS
a) Describe TWO disadvantages of fixed-price contracts from the buyer??s point of view, for
the long-term contracts often entered into by the company.
b) Explain ONE benefit to Merson and Oakes of using contract price adjustment formulae.
38
c) Describe how contract price adjustment formulae can be applied in this case.
d) Explain how Merson and Oakes can make use of retention clauses. Answer: Pending. Please Send your suggestions to support@ Question: 111
a) Explain the role and importance of each of the following essential elements of a contract:
i) Offer
ii) Acceptance
iii) Consideration
iv) Intention to create legal relations
b) Explain the difference between a condition of a contract and a warranty. Answer: Pending. Please Send your suggestions to support@
39
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Lindsey Ellefson is Lifehacker’s Features Editor. She currently covers study and productivity hacks, as well as household and digital decluttering, and oversees the freelancers on the sex and relationships beat. She spent most of her pre-Lifehacker career covering media and politics for outlets like Us Weekly, CNN, The Daily Dot, Mashable, Glamour, and InStyle. In latest years, her freelancing has focused on drug use and the overdose crisis, with pieces appearing in Vanity Fair, WIRED, The New Republic, The Daily Beast, and more. Her story for BuzzFeed News won the 2022 American Journalism Online award for Best Debunking of Fake News.
In addition to her journalism, Lindsey is a student at the NYU School of Global Public Health, where she is working toward her Master of Public Health and conducting research on media bias in reporting on substance use with the Opioid Policy Institute’s Reporting on Addiction initiative. She is also a Schwinn-certified spin class teacher. She won a 2023 Dunkin’ Donuts contest that earned her a year of free coffee. Lindsey lives in New York, NY.
Mon, 04 Dec 2023 10:00:00 -0600entext/htmlhttps://lifehacker.com/family/best-study-tools-finals-weekHave a stressed-out student preparing for finals? Here are 3 study tips to help
Tis the season for stressed-out kids — it's finals time for thousands of local high school students. Cynthia Muchnick is an educational consultant and the author of "The Everything Guide to Study Skills." Muchnick has three study tips to Boost performance and lower stress for students. worried about forgetting important facts or a tricky math formula? Try writing it down on the test as soon as a teacher hands it out. "Or type it into their laptop if it's a laptop test. That way you have those formulas and short-term facts that their short-term memory might forget," says Muchnick. Next, manners matter. Encourage students to get in the habit of saying "thank you" to their teachers after class every single day. The simple habit creates a connection that makes tougher conversations easier to have. "These teachers are up there giving a presentation, teaching a class. Acknowledge and thank them for the time they put into that. It makes them like you more and think you're a kind person. I recommend that for your coach, for your teacher, for any mentor or adult in your life. Just say, thank you," Muchncik said.And finally, form a study group for finals. It's easier than ever with things like FaceTime and Discord. Ideally, it's great to find a student who has better mastery of the topic. Surprisingly, the benefits go both ways."Sometimes, being the one who really understands the material by reiterating it and teaching it to other students in your peer group helps you understand the information better and be better prepared for papers and tests," Muchnick said.
SACRAMENTO, Calif. —
Tis the season for stressed-out kids — it's finals time for thousands of local high school students.
Muchnick has three study tips to Boost performance and lower stress for students.
Worried about forgetting important facts or a tricky math formula? Try writing it down on the test as soon as a teacher hands it out.
"Or type it into their laptop if it's a laptop test. That way you have those formulas and short-term facts that their short-term memory might forget," says Muchnick.
Next, manners matter.
Encourage students to get in the habit of saying "thank you" to their teachers after class every single day. The simple habit creates a connection that makes tougher conversations easier to have.
"These teachers are up there giving a presentation, teaching a class. Acknowledge and thank them for the time they put into that. It makes them like you more and think you're a kind person. I recommend that for your coach, for your teacher, for any mentor or adult in your life. Just say, thank you," Muchncik said.
And finally, form a study group for finals. It's easier than ever with things like FaceTime and Discord. Ideally, it's great to find a student who has better mastery of the topic. Surprisingly, the benefits go both ways.
"Sometimes, being the one who really understands the material by reiterating it and teaching it to other students in your peer group helps you understand the information better and be better prepared for papers and tests," Muchnick said.
Tue, 19 Dec 2023 03:13:00 -0600entext/htmlhttps://www.kcra.com/article/stressed-out-student-preparing-finals-here-3-study-tips/45221663Rule 10 - Preparing for and Making a Stroke; Advice and Help; CaddiesNo result found, try new keyword!10.2 Advice and Other Help 10.2a/1 – Player May Get Information from Shared Caddie If a caddie is being shared by more than one player, any of the players sharing that caddie may seek information from ...Tue, 05 Nov 2019 08:02:00 -0600https://www.usga.org/content/usga/home-page/custom-search-pages/rules/2019-golf-rules-and-interpretations/rule-10-interpretations.htmlOzempic could help curb alcohol abuse, study reveals
Semaglutide treatments such as Ozempic and Wegovy have been shown to reduce the symptoms of alcohol use disorder (AUD), according to a study published in The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry on Nov. 27.
The collaborative study from The University of Oklahoma (OU) and Oklahoma State University (OSU) found a “significant and noteworthy decrease” in the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) scores of six patients who were receiving semaglutide treatment for weight loss.
Lead study author Dr. Jesse Richards, director of obesity medicine and assistant professor of medicine at the OU-TU School of Community Medicine, said the study was inspired by his conversation with Dr. Kyle Simmons, professor of pharmacology and physiology at the OSU Center for Health Sciences.
“I had been hearing from a significant number of patients that their alcohol intake was spontaneously decreasing while [they were] on the medication,” Richards told Fox News Digital.
As a bariatric surgery clinic employee, Richards noted that it’s standard to screen patients for alcohol use.
At the clinic, a number of patients tested positive for alcohol consumption, sometimes in concerning amounts.
Later, while on semaglutide medication, they reported reduced alcohol intake.
One of Richards’ patients — who previously drank large amounts of alcohol — shared a new inability to drink more than two cans of beer now because it “just doesn’t sound good.”
This response piqued Richards’ interest in learning more about patients’ aversion to alcohol, which directly correlated to his research.
Research has shown that this effect is “mediated through adjustments in the reward pathway in the brain,” he said.
“The GLP-1s are actually modifying dopamine, decreasing the craving and decreasing the motivation to acquire things in that compulsive intake category.”
The most surprising takeaway from the study, Richards said, was that the same significant treatment response was seen even at very low doses.
“We found that even patients on the lowest dose of semaglutide — a quarter milligram — had a quite significant and relatively … quick onset reduction in alcohol intake,” he said.
Of the six patients studied, all but one were on low doses — from a quarter to a half milligram.
“And that’s very encouraging because we know that the lower doses of these medications are tolerated much better,” said Richards.
While the results seem promising, the doctor said he does not recommend that patients use semaglutide treatments for alcohol use disorder at this time, due to supply and safety issues.
“If patients have [obesity and diabetes] indications for the medication and they also struggle with alcohol intake … having them on this treatment may potentially be beneficial,” Richards said.
“But because there has been a global medication shortage, and because we don’t have prospective trials and don’t know what the specific safety is versus the well-established safety data in obesity and diabetes, [I] would not recommend it just for patients who have AUD.”
There are three FDA-approved drugs available for alcoholic use disorder that are currently underused, the doctor noted.
Given that five million people in the U.S. are currently taking semaglutide medications, if it is proven that those drugs have a significant effect on alcohol use disorder, “by default, they are going to become the most widely used drug to Boost these symptoms — just by virtue of the fact that so many people are on them for diabetes or obesity,” Richards noted.
He confirmed that additional research is underway with two ongoing trials.
“Since we were able to show clinically meaningful reductions in alcohol intake and AUD symptomatology in a real-world setting, that bodes very well for these types of medications,” he said.
Looking ahead, Richard said there is a need for higher-quality evidence of the medication’s impact on AUD compared to placebo drugs or environmental factors.
Even though it’s unclear whether GLP-1 producers will market the medication to AUD patients in the future, Richards said this could become an “established medical practice once the safety and efficacy has been determined.”
For patients who struggle with AUD, Richards recommended they talk to their health care providers about available treatment.
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He also alerted patients that if they experience a reduced appetite and usually consume “a bunch of calories” in alcohol, it may be necessary to look into a more balanced diet.
Avantika Waring, 9amHealth’s chief medical officer and a trained physician and endocrinologist in San Francisco, applauded the OU and OSU study findings for further supporting what clinicians “are already seeing in practice,” she told Fox News Digital.
“GLP-1 medications have a lot of effects that we are still learning about, and the ability to decrease cravings and the reward signals related to alcohol use are just some of the benefits,” she said.
“It’s an important starting point for further clinical trials,” she added.
Waring also warned that GLP-1 medications should not be used to treat AUD specifically, as they can cause side effects such as nausea and changes in appetite.
“People struggling with alcohol use disorder should consult with their physicians before starting GLP-1 medications to make sure that they can stay hydrated and safe on therapy,” she said.
Waring noted that if ongoing clinical trials find semaglutide treatments to be effective for AUD, the medical community will “have another tool to help people living with alcohol addiction and we’ll see expanded use of these already popular drugs.”
Fox News Digital reached out to Novo Nordisk for comment on the potential link between semaglutide medications and alcohol use disorder.
Sun, 10 Dec 2023 02:53:00 -0600en-UStext/htmlhttps://nypost.com/2023/12/10/lifestyle/ozempic-could-help-curb-alcohol-abuse-study-reveals/New study finds intermittent fasting could help weight loss, hypertension and moodNew study finds intermittent fasting could help weight loss, hypertension and mood - CBS News
A new study published in the JAMA Internal Medicine found eating only between the hours of 7 a.m. and 3 p.m. could help people lose weight and treat hypertension. Good Housekeeping's deputy nutrition director and registered dietician Stefani Sassos joins "CBS Mornings" to discuss the study's findings and limitations.
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Wed, 06 Jul 2022 09:10:00 -0500en-UStext/htmlhttps://www.cbsnews.com/video/new-study-finds-intermittent-fasting-could-help-weight-loss-hypertension-and-mood/How Crying Can Help You, Here Is What A Study Says
It may be good to cry out loud. (Photo: Getty Images)
Getty
They say that there's no sense in crying over spilled milk. But what do they know? Crying can get you another glass of milk if you do it loud enough. Plus, crying may serve a real physiologic purpose, according to a study published recently in Emotion, meaning the journal and not in an Emo-kind of way.
For the study, three researchers from the University of Queensland (Leah S. Sharman, Genevieve A. Dingle, and Eric J. Vanman) and one from Tilberg University (Ad J. J. M. Vingerhoets) recruited 197 female undergraduate students. They said that they choose all women rather than including men because pilot testing of sad videos had revealed that more women than men cried or at least more women revealed that they were crying. This did not account for the men who cried inside or used some bro-language or high fives to hide the crying.
The research team then showed each of the study participants either a video that are supposed to make them feel sad (sad videos) or a video that was not supposed to elicit any emotion (neutral videos) like something from a documentary or a ted talk. Each video lasted for close to 18 minutes. After the video, the researchers noted whether or not each participant had cried while watching the video. Ultimately, 65 participants watched the neutral video, 71 watched the sad video and cried during it, and 61 watched the sad video and did not cry. Presumably, no one cried during the neutral video. But then again, actor Bryce Dallas Howard was able to cry when Conan O'Brien talked about Home Depot in this Conan clip:
Then, each participant underwent a Cold Pressor Stress Test (CPT), which involved placing the participant's left hand, up to the wrist, in cold 0° to 5°C water. Unless you are the Iceman or Killer Frost, this is supposed to be painful. The research team measured how long each participant could stay in this position until pulling her hand out of the water. During the study, the research team continuously measured each participant's heart rate and respiratory rate and periodically measured cortisol levels from saliva samples. Cortisol is a stress-hormone that's produced by the body.
Also, at four points during the study, participants answered questions from the Positive and Negative Affect Scale short form (PANAS). These questions asked the degree to which the participant was experiencing ten different emotions and to rank each on a five-point scale that ranged from a one (very slightly or not at all) to a five (extremely).
When it came to cortisol levels and how long the participants could keep their hands submerged in the cold water, the study ended up finding not much difference between the neutral video watchers, the sad video non-criers, and the sad video criers. So if you are about to dunk yourself in cold water or take a cold shower, it may not help to cry first.
But here's a difference that the study found. Are you ready? Take a deep breath. The difference was breathing rates. While watching the videos, the non-criers tended to have elevations in their breathing rates, whereas, by contrast, the criers tended to maintain their initial breathing rates. In other words, tearing up could have helped participants better control their breathing rates. This provides further evidence that crying may help you better regulate arousal, serving as an emotional release.
Another interesting finding was that right before crying, participants tended to experience decreases in their heart rates, seemingly in anticipation of the crying. Once the crying began, their heart rates then tended to creep back up but not above where their heart rates had been before everything began. This may be further evidence that crying has a beneficial regulatory effect on your physiology.
So perhaps next time you start crying you can tell people that you are regulating your physiology. You've probably heard of people saying that they had a good cry and feel better after they've let the tears flow. It can be important to find reasonable ways to periodically release your emotions. Otherwise, you may end up bottling everything up like a hot air balloon that can explode when you least expect it.
Moreover, crying can be a way of communicating. It's really the only way that babies can express their needs before they learn how to say things like "why you throwing shade on me," or "I'm not Gucci." Crying can help communicate to others that you need more sympathy, comfort, or help. Of course, this can be misused. You don't want to cry every time your order at a restaurant doesn't come out right. And of course, there is the whole concept of crocodile tears: people crying to get something when they don't really mean it.
Crying can also be a way of communicating with yourself. Even when you cry alone, you may be telling yourself about your own state because, like many people, you could be terrible at studying your own emotions and situation. Tears could be your body's way of saying, "hey, take a break," or "something's not right," or "take care of yourself."Â Tearing up can then be a way of your body literally crying out to you.
Your body is a complex system. Crying can be complex. Your tears can flow when you are very sad, very angry, or even very happy. Better understanding what causes us to cry and what happens as a result could help us better handle our emotions and stress.
Sun, 21 Jul 2019 07:48:00 -0500Bruce Y. Leeentext/htmlhttps://www.forbes.com/sites/brucelee/2019/07/21/how-crying-can-help-you-here-is-what-a-study-says/Can wasabi help your memory? A new study has linked the sushi condiment to a better brainYour browser is not supported | usatoday.com
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Mon, 11 Dec 2023 11:28:00 -0600en-UStext/htmlhttps://www.usatoday.com/story/life/health-wellness/2023/12/11/wasabi-benefits-memory-boost-study/71884622007/Have a stressed-out student preparing for finals? Here are 3 study tips to helpNo result found, try new keyword!Cynthia Muchnick is an educational consultant and the author of "The Everything Guide to Study Skills." Muchnick has three study tips to Boost performance and lower stress for students.Mon, 18 Dec 2023 10:00:00 -0600en-ustext/htmlhttps://www.msn.com/