010-160 benefits - Linux Professional Institute Linux Essentials Updated: 2024
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010-160 Linux Professional Institute Linux Essentials
Exam Title :
LPI Linux Essentials
Exam ID :
010-160
Exam Duration :
60 mins
Questions in exam :
40
Passing Score :
500 / 800
Exam Center :
LPI Marketplace
Real Questions :
LPI Linux Essentials Real Questions
VCE practice exam :
LPI 010-160 Certification VCE Practice Test
Topic 1: The Linux Community and a Career in Open Source
1.1 Linux Evolution and Popular Operating Systems
Description: Knowledge of Linux development and major distributions.
Key Knowledge Areas:
Distributions
Embedded Systems
Linux in the Cloud
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
Debian, Ubuntu (LTS)
CentOS, openSUSE, Red Hat, SUSE
Linux Mint, Scientific Linux
Raspberry Pi, Raspbian
Android
1.2 Major Open Source Applications
Description: Awareness of major applications as well as their uses and development.
Key Knowledge Areas:
Desktop applications
Server applications
Development languages
Package management tools and repositories
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
OpenOffice.org, LibreOffice, Thunderbird, Firefox, GIMP
Nextcloud, ownCloud
Apache HTTPD, NGINX, MariaDB, MySQL, NFS, Samba
C, Java, JavaScript, Perl, shell, Python, PHP
dpkg, apt-get, rpm, yum
1.3 Open Source Software and Licensing
Description: Open communities and licensing Open Source Software for business.
Key Knowledge Areas:
Open source philosophy
Open source licensing
Free Software Foundation (FSF), Open Source Initiative (OSI)
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
Copyleft, Permissive
GPL, BSD, Creative Commons
Free Software, Open Source Software, FOSS, FLOSS
Open source business models
1.4 ICT Skills and Working in Linux
Description: Basic Information and Communication Technology (ICT) skills and working in Linux.
Key Knowledge Areas:
Desktop skills
Getting to the command line
Industry uses of Linux, cloud computing and virtualization
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
Using a browser, privacy concerns, configuration options, searching the web and saving content
Terminal and console
Password issues
Privacy issues and tools
Use of common open source applications in presentations and projects
Topic 2: Finding Your Way on a Linux System
2.1 Command Line Basics
Description: Basics of using the Linux command line.
Key Knowledge Areas:
Basic shell
Command line syntax
Variables
Quoting
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
Bash
echo
history
PATH environment variable
export
type
2.2 Using the Command Line to Get Help
Description: Running help commands and navigation of the various help systems.
Key Knowledge Areas:
Man pages
Info pages
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
man
info
/usr/share/doc/
locate
2.3 Using Directories and Listing Files
Description: Navigation of home and system directories and listing files in various locations.
Key Knowledge Areas:
Files, directories
Hidden files and directories
Home directories
Absolute and relative paths
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
Common options for ls
Recursive listings
cd
. and ..
home and ~
2.4 Creating, Moving and Deleting Files
Description: Create, move and delete files and directories under the home directory.
Key Knowledge Areas:
Files and directories
Case sensitivity
Simple globbing
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
mv, cp, rm, touch
mkdir, rmdir
Topic 3: The Power of the Command Line
3.1 Archiving Files on the Command Line
Description: Archiving files in the user home directory.
Key Knowledge Areas:
Files, directories
Archives, compression
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
tar
Common tar options
gzip, bzip2, xz
zip, unzip
3.2 Searching and Extracting Data from Files
Description: Search and extract data from files in the home directory.
Key Knowledge Areas:
Command line pipes
I/O redirection
Basic Regular Expressions using ., [ ], *, and ?
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
grep
less
cat, head, tail
sort
cut
wc
3.3 Turning Commands into a Script
Weight: 4
Description: Turning repetitive commands into simple scripts.
Key Knowledge Areas:
Basic shell scripting
Awareness of common text editors (vi and nano)
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
#! (shebang)
/bin/bash
Variables
Arguments
for loops
echo
Exit status
Topic 4: The Linux Operating System
4.1 Choosing an Operating System
Weight: 1
Description: Knowledge of major operating systems and Linux distributions.
Key Knowledge Areas:
Differences between Windows, OS X and Linux
Distribution life cycle management
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
GUI versus command line, desktop configuration
Maintenance cycles, beta and stable
4.2 Understanding Computer Hardware
Weight: 2
Description: Familiarity with the components that go into building desktop and server computers.
Key Knowledge Areas:
Hardware
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
Motherboards, processors, power supplies, optical drives, peripherals
Hard drives, solid state disks and partitions, /dev/sd*
Drivers
4.3 Where Data is Stored
Weight: 3
Description: Where various types of information are stored on a Linux system.
Key Knowledge Areas:
Programs and configuration
Processes
Memory addresses
System messaging
Logging
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
ps, top, free
syslog, dmesg
/etc/, /var/log/
/boot/, /proc/, /dev/, /sys/
4.4 Your Computer on the Network
Weight: 2
Description: Querying vital networking configuration and determining the basic requirements for a computer on a Local Area Network (LAN).
Key Knowledge Areas:
Internet, network, routers
Querying DNS client configuration
Querying network configuration
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
route, ip route show
ifconfig, ip addr show
netstat, ss
/etc/resolv.conf, /etc/hosts
IPv4, IPv6
ping
host
Topic 5: Security and File Permissions
5.1 Basic Security and Identifying User Types
Weight: 2
Description: Various types of users on a Linux system.
Key Knowledge Areas:
Root and standard users
System users
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
/etc/passwd, /etc/shadow, /etc/group
id, last, who, w
sudo, su
5.2 Creating Users and Groups
Weight: 2
Description: Creating users and groups on a Linux system.
Key Knowledge Areas:
User and group commands
User IDs
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
/etc/passwd, /etc/shadow, /etc/group, /etc/skel/
useradd, groupadd
passwd
5.3 Managing File Permissions and Ownership
Weight: 2
Description: Understanding and manipulating file permissions and ownership settings.
Key Knowledge Areas:
File and directory permissions and ownership
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
ls -l, ls -a
chmod, chown
5.4 Special Directories and Files
Weight: 1
Description: Special directories and files on a Linux system including special permissions.
Key Knowledge Areas:
Using temporary files and directories
Symbolic links
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
/tmp/, /var/tmp/ and Sticky Bit
ls -d
ln -s
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What is true about the owner of a file?
A. Each file is owned by exactly one user and one group.
B. The owner of a file always has full permissions when accessing the file.
C. The user owning a file must be a member of the fileâs group.
D. When a user is deleted, all files owned by the user disappear.
E. The owner of a file cannot be changed once it is assigned to an owner.
Answer: A
Question: 13
Which of the following permissions are set on the /tmp/ directory?
A. rwxrwxrwt
B. ------rwX
C. rwSrw-rw-
D. rwxrwS--Â
E. r-xr-X--t
Answer: A
Question: 14
Which command adds the new user tux and creates the userâs home directory with default configuration files?
A. defaultuser tux
B. useradd Cm tux
C. usercreate tux
D. useradd Co default tux
E. passwd Ca tux
Answer: B
Question: 15
What information is stored in /etc/passwd? (Choose three.)
A. The userâs storage space limit
B. The numerical user ID
C. The username
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D. The encrypted password
E. The users default shell
Answer: A,B,C,D
Question: 16
Which of the following tar options handle compression? (Choose two.)
A. -bz
B. -z
C. -g
D. -j
E. -z2
Answer: A,B,D
Question: 17
FILL BLANK
What keyword is used in a shell script to begin a loop? (Specify one keyword only, without any additional
information.)
wrong
Answer: A,B,D
Question: 18
Which of the following commands creates an archive file work.tar from the contents of the directory ./work/?
A. tar --new work.tar ./work/
B. tar Ccf work.tar ./work/
C. tar Ccreate work.tgz Ccontent ./work/
D. tar work.tar < ./work/
E. tar work > work.tar
Answer: B
Question: 19
Which of the following keys can be pressed to exit less?
A. l
B. x
C. e
D. q
E. !
Answer: D
$13$10
Question: 20
The current directory contains the following file:
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 859688 Feb 7 08:15 test.sh
Given that the file is a valid shell script, how can this script be executed? (Choose two.)
A. run test.sh
B. ${test.sh}
C. cmd ./test.sh
D. ./test.sh
E. bash test.sh
Answer: A,D,E
Question: 21
Which of the following commands sorts the output of the command export-logs?
A. export-logs < sort
B. export-logs > sort
C. export-logs & sort
D. export-logs | sort
E. export-logs <> sort
Answer: D
Question: 22
A directory contains the following files:
What would be the output of the following shell script?
for file in *.txt
A. *.txt
B. a b
C. c.cav
D. a.txt
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E. a. txt
b. txt
Answer: E
Question: 23
Which of the following commands will search for the file foo.txt under the directory /home?
A. search /home Cfile foo.txt
B. search /home foo. txt
C. find /home C file foo.txt
D. find /home Cname foo.txt
E. find /home foo.txt
Answer: D
Question: 24
The current directory contains the following file:
-rw-rârâ 1 root exec 24551 Apr 2 12:36 test.sh
The file contains a valid shell script, but executing this file using ./test.shleads to this error:
bash: ./test.sh: Permission denied
What should be done in order to successfully execute the script?
A. The fileâs extension should be changed from .sh to .bin.
B. The execute bit should be set in the fileâs permissions.
C. The user executing the script should be added to the exec group.
D. The SetUID bit should be set in the fileâs permissions
E. The script should be run using #!./test. shinstead of ./test.sh.
Answer: B
Question: 25
What is a Linux distribution?
A. The Linux file system as seen from the root account after mounting all file systems.
B. A bundling of the Linux kernel, system utilities and other software.
C. The set of rules which governs the distribution of Linux kernel source code.
D. An operating system based on Linux but incompatible to the regular Linux kernel.
E. A set of changes to Linux which enable Linux to run on another processor architecture.
Answer: B
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Saint Louis University doesnât just prepare its graduates for fruitful careers. From connecting you to interview experts to helping you network, your alma mater is here to help you start, change or advance your professional path.
Did you know that as a SLU grad, you have professional development benefits for life? Whether you need career counseling, help writing your résumé or want to polish your interviewing skills, SLU's Career Services team will connect you to campus resources that help you advance professionally. You can also join our alumni professional development group on LinkedIn.
SLU Connections
Thereâs nothing like career advice from someone whoâs been there â and itâs even better when that advice comes from a Billiken.
If youâd like professional guidance from fellow Billikens further along the career path or are interested in giving the next generation the advice you wish youâd had, check out SLU Connections, our online career advising program.
Professional Development Webinars
This free professional development webinar series will provide you with the tools you need to achieve your goals.
Being able to communicate your personal brand effectively is the first step in networking. This webinar discusses how to build and maintain your network and personal brand. courses include the importance of networking, how to represent your best and professional self, professionalism in interactions, and follow-up etiquette.
Speaker: Jordan Watson, SLU Career Counselor
Do you want to learn how to make your documents stand out to an employer? On average, an employer initially scans a résumé for just 20 to 30 seconds. Here, we discuss effective tips and suggestions for how to make your résumé effective for the job search.
Speaker: Diane Devine, SLU Career Counselor (A&S '00)
Learn how to bring SLU's mission and Jesuit tradition into your career, translating these values into action.
Speaker: Beth-Anne Yakubu, Executive Director, Emerson Leadership Institute at Saint Louis University (CSB '09)
It's not unusual to ask, âAm I too late?" or "Where do I want to go next?" when exploring a first, second, third or even fourth career. This webinar will give you successful strategies for effectively exploring your career interests and transitioning into your next opportunity. You will learn about yourself, the world of work, goal-setting and how to effectively research your career interests.
Speaker: Jordan Watson, SLU Career Counselor
Need help selling yourself in an interview? This webinar will discuss one of the final steps in the job search process: interviewing. courses will include what to expect before, during and after an interview, how to prepare, practice and perform, types of interviews and questions, professional attire, and follow-up etiquette.
Speaker: Jordan Watson, SLU Career Counselor
Professionally and personally, we are all being pushed to do more, achieve more and be more âsuccessful.â We know this way of engaging in the world takes a significant toll mentally, physically, emotionally and spiritually. We explore underlying motivations that drive us to be busy, begin to assess our overall well-being, discuss simple tools to help us take a step back in order to step forward and develop a blueprint to help orient us to the next steps we can take, professionally and personally.
Speaker: Lubna Somjee, Ph.D. (A&S '93)
ÂThe key to organizational success depends on harnessing the power of teams. This webinar will help you develop the skills and tools needed to maximize the potential of diverse teams to increase productivity, efficiency and effectiveness.
Speaker: William M. Klepper, Ph.D. (A&S '66, Grad Ed. '67, Grad '75)
ÂThis webinar will discuss the social media platforms that are most commonly used by recruiters, as well as how job seekers should utilize each platform to positively market themselves and search for job opportunities. Job seekers should walk away knowing the proper social media etiquette required for a successful job search.
Speaker: Jordan Watson, SLU Career Counselor
ÂMore than ever, companies are discussing the importance of gender and race equity in the workplace. However, progress remains slow, and women continue to face significant barriers. This webinar will cover some initial tools women, allies and leadership can use to address the glass and concrete ceiling.
Speaker: Lubna Somjee, Ph.D. (A&S '93)
ÂJoin us as we discuss how each generation can bring different strengths to your team and workplace. Please keep in mind that these are generalizations.
Speaker: Diane Devine, SLU Career Counselor (A&S â00)
Corporate Connections
SLU can come to you: Network with fellow Billikens among your colleagues and University faculty and staff by hosting a Corporate Connections event. The Office of Alumni Engagement will assist with hosting a convenient reception at your company. For more information, contact alumni@slu.edu or 314-977-2250.
Online Education Designed for Working Adults
Learn career-relevant skills. Move up in your company. Stay ahead of the competition.
Since 1963, the School for Professional Studies at Saint Louis University (SLU) has been leading the way in programs designed for working adults, with almost 30 years in online education. Through our nationally recognized and accredited online degrees and certificates with accelerated options, you can learn career-enhancing skills on your schedule. Check out our full list of available programs.
Donât miss out on your employer benefits â start working toward the next stage of your career. Contact us to get started.
Education Built for Your Success
The School for Professional Studies (SPS) at SLU offers world-class education with flexible options to meet the fast-paced needs of the workplace. Working as an educational resource and partner through your employer, SLU can support your career goals to help you advance in your organization. Check with your company on specific details for your employee benefits.
Tuition Tax
Current tax law requires employees to pay taxes on graduate tuition exemption benefits if it exceeds $5,250 per calendar year. The College will withhold taxes on such benefits during the calendar year in which it is used.
Tuition Tax Exemption
Full-time Executive, Full-time Instructors, Full-time Professional Staff, Part-Time Professional Staff, Administrative Fellows, Part-Time Instructors, and Community Teachers employees using tuition exemption benefits for their own personal graduate-level education at the College may be able to certify that their education is job-related per IRS tax regulations. Â
These regulations allow the value of clearly job-related graduate programs and courses to be eligible for federal tax exemption if they meet the strict IRS criteria. This policy does not apply to courses or programs not covered by Tuition Exemption, including those taken outside of Teachers College and Doctoral programs (per IRS regulations, the value of employer-paid doctoral courses or programs is never exempt from taxes). Â
To certify that your education is job-related per IRS tax regulations, review the Tuition Exemption Policy and review the Job-Related Graduate Education Certification: Employee Instructions.
Complete the following:
[author: Jacob Hesse]
With eDiscovery continuing to make up a large percentage of litigation spend, law firms and corporate legal teams should evaluate ways to save on eDiscovery costs. Exploring the use of proven, yet less expensive eDiscovery software is one obvious strategy to adopt in cost cutting times. Another approach is to consider supplementing a team with seasoned eDiscovery professionals to get work done.
Professional services teams include project managers, data analysts, technologists, and others who provide expert knowledge in particular domain areas. The capabilities they bring to the table can make a huge difference to the success and budget of your eDiscovery project. Example benefits may include:
- Focused data collection: An expert collection specialist can target relevant data, reducing the burden and cost of large volumes of irrelevant, unwanted information.
- Faster processing: A dedicated person or team can process terabytes of data, leveraging expert knowledge of processing software to achieve speed to data.
- Better search results: Unless you majored in math, Boolean operators may not be your best friend, but they are very familiar to eDiscovery specialists that can craft defensible culling strategies and get your attorneysâ eyes on relevant documents quickly and accurately.
- Greater efficiency in managing data volume and types: eDiscovery matters have grown in complexity in exact years, thanks to remote work and the explosion in use of communication apps and texts for business. Bringing in experts who can approach complex data management with ease will save you time and money in the long run.
- Reduced chaos: Project managers are the eye of the storm. They watch over project budgets, monitor for risks, and create and execute the tasks necessary to complete a project successfully. If you donât have the time to manage multiple resources and external vendors, project managers can be a lifeline.
- Defend the margin: Professional services can reduce your costs by minimizing the reliance on full time eDiscovery professionals, who may not be needed once a discovery project ends. Ramp your professional services staff up and down as the work demands, matching cost with need. This style of âjust in timeâ staffing will please your CFO and maximize your profits.
To summarize, there are many reasons why legal teams should consider relying on outside professional services support for eDiscovery matters, especially at a time when eDiscovery is becoming more complex, and the demand for cost savings and faster discovery work turnarounds are high.Â
In our next blog on this series, we share telltale signs that forecast the need for professional services help for eDiscovery.
The debate about whether to return to the physical office or not has been a hot conversation in 2023. Many employers think that fully being in-person will create more productive employees. On the other hand, employees think that a hybrid work model is the sweet spot.
Industry leaders share their thoughts, comments, and concerns about RTO mandates and how it will affect their 2024.
You only have a few seconds to make a good first impression, whether youâre meeting a prospective client or networking with power players within your industry. How you present yourself affects not only your reputation but also your companyâs image, and a mastery of business etiquette can help even small businesses hold their own against their larger and more high-profile competitors.
Image Enhancement
-
People judge you and your organization on how you carry yourself in social and professional situations. If you donât know the proper way to shake someoneâs hand or offer your business card, people might question your business skills as well. By observing proper etiquette, however, you suggest to fellow professionals that youâre on their level. You also portray yourself as someone at ease both in the boardroom and when meeting with people one-on-one.
Improved Workplace Relations
-
With its focus on respect for others, etiquette can pave the way for a collaborative and civilized corporate culture. Many basic business etiquette rules are actually common courtesies, such as not checking your email during meetings or using speakerphone unless you have a private office. Abiding by etiquette principles can eliminate some of the distractions associated with the workplace, such as gossip or personality clashes. It also ensures workplace relationships stay professional and that colleagues donât blur the line between work and personal life or allow their personal feelings to affect their workplace behavior.
Business Growth
-
A little etiquette knowhow can open up several professional doors. Potential clients and associates will often judge you as much on your soft skills as they will your business savvy. Someone skilled in communication and comfortable in a wide range of professional situations will inspire trust more easily than someone who isnât. If youâre always courteous, know how to handle yourself both in high-stakes meetings and at business lunches, youâll impress people with your versatility and people skills. If a client is looking for a public relations professional to represent his company, for example, heâs going to favor someone who can make a positive impression on his behalf.
Rapport
-
Many core etiquette principles are designed to make others feel valued. For example, when introducing colleagues or associates you should introduce the most important person first. When entering a meeting, you should greet each person individually. Though these gestures might seem small, they subtly indicate your respect for the other person. In addition, when everyone follows the same social customs, it ensures both personal and professional interactions get off on the right foot and can help you connect with everyone from new clients to coworkers.
Tuition Tax
Current tax law requires employees to pay taxes on graduate tuition exemption benefits if it exceeds $5,250 per calendar year. The College will withhold taxes on such benefits during the calendar year in which it is used.
Tuition Tax Exemption
Full-time Executive, Full-time Instructors, Full-time Professional Staff, Part-Time Professional Staff, Administrative Fellows, Part-Time Instructors, and Community Teachers employees using tuition exemption benefits for their own personal graduate-level education at the College may be able to certify that their education is job-related per IRS tax regulations. Â
These regulations allow the value of clearly job-related graduate programs and courses to be eligible for federal tax exemption if they meet the strict IRS criteria. This policy does not apply to courses or programs not covered by Tuition Exemption, including those taken outside of Teachers College and Doctoral programs (per IRS regulations, the value of employer-paid doctoral courses or programs is never exempt from taxes). Â
To certify that your education is job-related per IRS tax regulations, review the Tuition Exemption Policy and review the Job-Related Graduate Education Certification: Employee Instructions.
Complete the following:
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