Hope ’23 Graduate Completes Marine Corps Officer Candidates’ School
Posted by Fred JohnsonWritten by Fred L. Johnson III, Ph.D., Twelve weeks of relentless pounding by Virginia’s brutal...
Read MoreIf risk is like a lump of smoldering coal that may spark a fire at any moment, insurance is civilization's fire extinguisher. The main concept of insurance—that of spreading risk among many—is as old as human existence.
Whether it was hunting giant elk in a group to spread the risk of being the one gored to death or shipping cargo in several different caravans to avoid losing the whole shipment to a marauding tribe, people have always been wary of risk. Countries and their citizens need to spread risk among large numbers of people and move it to entities that can handle it. This is how insurance emerged.
The concept of insurance dates back to around 1750 B.C. with the Code of Hammurabi, which Babylonians carved into a stone monument and several clay tablets. The code describes a form of bottomry, whereby a ship’s cargo could be pledged in exchange for a loan. Repayment of the loan was contingent on a successful voyage, and the debtor did not have to repay the loan if the ship was lost at sea.
In the Middle Ages, most craftsmen were trained through the guild system. Apprentices spent their childhoods working for masters for little or no pay. Once they became masters themselves, they paid dues to the guild and trained their own apprentices.
The wealthier guilds had large coffers that acted as a type of insurance fund. If a master's practice burned down—a common occurrence in the largely wooden cities of medieval Europe—the guild would rebuild it using money from its own funds. If a master was robbed, the guild would cover their obligations until money started to flow in again. If a master was suddenly disabled or killed, the guild would support them or their surviving family.
This safety net encouraged more people to leave farming to take up trades. As a result, the amount of goods available for trade increased, as did the range of goods and services. The basic style of insurance used by guilds is still around today in the form of group coverage.
In the late 1600s, shipping was just beginning between the New World and the Old, as colonies were being established and exotic goods were ferried back. The practice of underwriting emerged in the same London coffeehouses that operated as the unofficial stock exchange for the British Empire. A coffeehouse owned by Edward Lloyd, later of Lloyd's of London, was the primary meeting place for merchants, ship owners, and others seeking insurance.
A basic system for funding voyages to the New World was established. In the first stage, merchants and companies would seek funding from the venture capitalists of the day. They, in turn, would help find people who wanted to be colonists, usually those from the more desperate areas of London, and would purchase provisions for the voyage.
In exchange, the venture capitalists were guaranteed some of the returns from the goods the colonists would produce or find in the Americas. It was widely believed you couldn't take two left turns in America without finding a deposit of gold or other precious metals. When it turned out this wasn't exactly true, venture capitalists still funded voyages for a share of the new bumper crop: tobacco.
After a voyage was secured by venture capitalists, the merchants and ship owners went to Lloyd's to hand over a copy of the ship's cargo manifest so the investors and underwriters who gathered there could read it.
Those who were interested in taking on the risk signed at the bottom of the manifest beneath the figure indicating the share of the cargo for which they were taking responsibility (hence, underwriting). In this way, a single voyage would have multiple underwriters, who tried to spread their own risk by taking shares in several different voyages.
By 1654, Blaise Pascal, the Frenchman who gave us the first calculator, and his countryman Pierre de Fermat, discovered a way to express probabilities and better understand levels of risk. That breakthrough began to formalize the practice of underwriting and made insurance more affordable.
In 1666, the Great Fire of London destroyed around 13,200 homes. London was still recovering from the plague that had begun to ravage it a year earlier and an estimated 100,000 survivors were left homeless. The following year, property developer Nicholas Barbon began selling fire insurance as a personal business, which was then established as a joint-stock company, the Fire Office, in 1680.
Life insurance began to emerge in the 16th and 17th centuries in England, France, and Holland. The first known life insurance policy in England was issued in 1583. But, lacking the tools to properly assess the risk involved, many of the groups that offered insurance ultimately failed.
That started to change in 1693, when astronomer and mathematician Edmund Halley, best known today as the namesake of Halley's Comet, studied birth and death records in the city of Breslau for the purposes of calculating the price of life annuities. This gave rise to the use of mortality tables in the insurance industry.
Insurance companies thrived in Europe, especially after the Industrial Revolution. Across the Atlantic, in America, the story was very different. Colonists' lives were fraught with dangers that no insurance company would touch. For example, starvation and related diseases killed almost three out of every four colonists in the Jamestown settlement between 1609 and 1610, a bleak period that came to be known as "The Starving Time."
Ultimately, it took more than 100 years for insurance to establish itself in America. When it finally did, starting around the 1750s, it brought the maturity in both practice and policies that developed during the same period of time in Europe.
Insurance has had a long history and its starting point can trace back to different times depending on the type of insurance. It has its origins in the Babylonian empire, Medieval guilds, the Great Fire of London, and maritime insurance.
Some of the oldest forms of insurance are considered to be the bottomry contracts of merchants in Babylon around 3,000 to 4,000 BCE. These contracts stipulated that the loans that merchants took out for shipments would not need to be paid if the shipment was lost at sea.
The oldest insurance company in the world is considered to be Hamburger Feuerkasse, which was founded in 1676. Its first policies provided fire insurance within the the city walls of Hamburg and reimbursed owners the market value of their buildings up to 15,000 marks, with a 25% deductible.
The history of insurance is long and detailed, and it has involved significantly over time. Though it can be expensive, insurance has prevented people and businesses from suffering financial loss and it has financially protected people throughout time.
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Native American peoples inhabited and visited the landscape encompassed within Wyoming for centuries prior to the founding of the University of Wyoming (UW) in 1887 and we would like to acknowledge the Arapaho, Cheyenne, Crow, Lakota, Shoshone, and Ute, on whose land we stand today.
Long committed to the history of the American West, the History Department at UW is uniquely positioned to situate this field in a global context. Drawing on expertise ranging from Europe, East and Central Asia, Africa, and the Americas, we strive to explore historical questions with thematic as well as comparative approaches. Our goal is to supply students a truly global perspective on history.
At the most basic level, history teaches how to assess evidence, to access conflicting interpretations, to arrive at convincing arguments, and to speak and write about these arguments to a wide variety of audiences. These skills make history one of the foremost majors that graduate and professional schools and employers seek when they admit graduate students or hire employees. Viewed from a practical perspective, a history degree provides lifelong skills that are in demand in fields ranging from teaching and law to government and business administration. History is a very useful degree.
History is a foundational discipline that blends the methodologies and perspective of the humanities and social sciences in order to engage with the history of human culture on a global scale. UW's History degree program emphasizes interdisciplinary teaching and research and provides course work, research experiences, and internships on both American and international topics. The History program offers a Bachelor of Arts degree major and minor, and a Master of Arts degree.
Who hasn’t heard someone say, “I just love history?” Maybe that person is you? History is a vibrant and fascinating study of people, events, and institutions in the past and, for many people, that’s reason enough to earn a history degree. But there are larger and more practical reasons to choose history as your major. Here are a few of those reasons that historian Peter Stearns complied for the American Historical Association:
In addition to the historical content obtained in your coursework, a degree in History also provides excellent training in rigorous analysis and research skills, and the oral and written skills necessary to achieve success in any top-flight professional career. Typical career paths for History graduates include work in museums and archives, national security agencies (the FBI, CIA, and NSA all love to recruit History B.A. students), and the Department of State. The History major is also excellent preparation for various professional schools, such as law and medicine, as well as post-graduate work in the humanities and social sciences. We pride ourselves on placing our graduates in highly competitive careers and post-graduate masters and doctoral programs.
The History Department Faculty has identified the specific objectives of its undergraduate curriculum. The following are the learning outcomes that each History major should learn. We are continuously and actively assessing our program to ensure that these learning outcomes are being met.
1. Students shall be able to demonstrate critical thinking skills by analyzing, synthesizing, and evaluating historical information from multiple sources.
2. Students will develop the ability to distinguish between different culturally historical perspectives.
3. Students will produce well researched written work that engages with both primary sources and the secondary literature.
4. Students will develop an informed familiarity with multiple cultures.
5. Students will employ a full range of historical techniques and methods.
6. Students will develop an ability to convey verbally their historical knowledge.
7. Students will demonstrate their understanding of historical cause and effect along with their knowledge of the general chronology of human experience.
8. Students will develop an understanding of the concepts of historical theary and/or conceptual frameworks and be able to use these in their own studies.
The History Department offers two distinct graduate programs. Any field of study offered by the Department can be accommodated within either degree program.
The M.A. degree is designed to prepare the student for employment opportunities and PhD-level work. This degree program is also suitable for students interested in careers as community college instructors as well as for lifelong learners who seek formal advanced education.
Students who graduate with an M.A. in History will be able to:
1. Demonstrate an understanding of the theories and methodologies of the discipline of History.
2. Demonstrate a critical understanding of the historiography of their field of specialization.
3. Demonstrate some understanding of comparative and/or thematic methods, approaches, and theories.
4. Conduct original research based on primary sources and construct an argument based on that research.
5. Write graduate-level expository prose and orally present their ideas at an advanced level.
The M.A.T. degree is designed to enhance the teaching of history and related disciplines by secondary and middle school teachers. This is a non-thesis degree, designed to provide breadth of preparation rather than specialization. Applicants are expected to have already completed their certification and pedagogy courses.
Students who graduate with an M.A.T. in History will be able to:
1. Demonstrate the significance of historical syllabus with reference to broader historical context, historiographic trends, or contemporary relevance.
2. Construct original historical arguments using a blend of primary and secondary source material.
3. Demonstrate a superior quality of writing both in terms of mechanics and in developing an argument effectively.
4. Convey a broad understanding of historical material suitable for teaching.
The history of Las Vegas is the ultimate American rags-to-riches story, filled with unusual heroes and foes. This 103-year-old saga follows the city through its incredible ups and downs, and highlights how and where some of the U.S.’s most monumental moments occurred. The largest American city founded in the 20th century took shape as a railroad watering hole before turning into the "Gateway to the Hoover Dam." From there the town was known by its seedy mob label as “Sin City,” before finally transforming into the corporately-financed adult playground called the "Entertainment Capital of the World." Continue...
C-SPAN is a public service.
We are a non-profit created in 1979 by a then-new industry called cable television, and today we remain true to our founding principles, providing gavel-to-gavel coverage of the workings of the U.S. Congress, both the House and Senate, all without editing, commentary or analysis.
Over the years, we've grown to be so much more – on TV, online, on radio, through podcasts and on social platforms (YouTube, Twitter, Facebook and Instagram). We supplement live coverage of the Capitol with ideologically balanced programming concerning all manner of public policy and politics. In so doing, we promote open and transparent dialogue between the public and their elected and appointed officials – and those campaigning for office.
Underpinning this impartial, balanced coverage is the fact that no government or taxpayer dollars support C-SPAN, as we continue to be funded as a public service from your cable or satellite provider.
C-SPAN began with only four employees: Brian Lamb, Jana Dabrowski Fay, Don Houle and Brian Lockman. Those four transmitted the first television feed from the U.S. House of Representatives to C-SPAN viewers on March 19, 1979, the first day the House allowed television coverage of its floor debates. That televised congressional session began with a one-minute speech by then-Congressman Al Gore and reached just 3 million American cable and satellite homes.
For C-SPAN founder Brian Lamb and the nascent network's cable system affiliates that provide its funding, the televised House feed was only the beginning. C-SPAN added what became its signature call-in programs the following year to provide a direct conduit between the American public and the nation's political leaders. That direct viewer-to-leader dialogue and discussion of current events continues each day on Washington Journal.
In 1982, the network expanded from eight to 16, and then 24 hours, enabling it to add a wider variety of public affairs programming to viewers while maintaining its commitment to carry the proceedings of the U.S. House, live and gavel-to-gavel.
In 1986, the U.S. Senate voted to televise its debates, and C-SPAN launched a second channel, C-SPAN2, to provide unfiltered, gavel-to-gavel access to that body.
When the House and Senate are in session, C-SPAN commits to covering both bodies live and in their entirety. This is a voluntary commitment; there is no contract with Congress to carry its proceedings.
In 2001, C-SPAN3 was launched to provide access to additional public affairs events, particularly live coverage of key congressional hearings.
On weekends, ever since 1998, C-SPAN2 becomes Book TV, which covers non-fiction book and author events; and C-SPAN3 becomes American History TV, created in 2011, to offer historical lectures, oral histories and special history series.
C-SPAN also extensively covers the president and the executive branch, including regular coverage of the daily White House and Department of State briefings. Coverage of the Supreme Court has been more challenging. Beginning in 1988, with a letter to then-Chief Justice William Rehnquist, C-SPAN has consistently called for the Supreme Court to allow cameras to cover its approximately 75 hours of annual oral arguments. To date, the court has refused this request. The network has televised more than 100 oral arguments before federal courts, which do allow cameras, as well as many state supreme courts.
In 1993, C-SPAN created the C-SPAN Bus, a 45-foot interactive learning center to travel across the nation visiting schools and community events in partnership with C-SPAN's cable providers. Bus visitors engage with C-SPAN representatives and interactive tools to learn about our unique public affairs programming and online resources. Most recently, we rolled out the C-SPAN 'Cities Tour,' which explores the American story through weeklong visits to U.S. communities to record local history and authors.
In 1997, we added C-SPAN Radio, available in the Washington, D.C., area and via a mobile app.
In 2010, C-SPAN launched the Video Library. All C-SPAN content, since 1987, is archived on our website and is free for public use – now with nearly a quarter million hours of primary source video and growing every day.
Our deep multi-platform presence – television, audio, social platforms and our website – makes C-SPAN the go-to resource for political journalists, Capitol Hill staff, members of Congress and the interested public. In the current media marketplace, there's no other place quite like C-SPAN, and perhaps none more trusted. C-SPAN’s highly motivated viewers know they are getting a unique product, one with a special place in the news media.
C-SPAN is the recipient of dozens of national awards and citations, including three George Foster Peabody Awards: one for institutional excellence in 1993, one in the historical documentary category for its 1999 American Presidents series, and one in 2011 for the C-SPAN online Video Library.
Forty years ago, C-SPAN first put the U.S. House of Representatives on television, opening a window for viewers to get an unfiltered view of government. While Washington may have changed, we haven't. Our unblinking eye on Congress and public debate continues. The window is still open, giving the world a front-row-seat to democracy – allowing you to make up your own mind.
Historians are society’s storytellers — and its most vital critics. They work at finding the truth about the past and pay close attention to the diversity of the human experience.
History students at Hope cultivate a deeper understanding of the past through rigorous courses with first-rate teachers. You can expect your professors to know you by name, and you can develop the best learning experience for you — whether working one-on-one with faculty on a research project based on your interests or gaining valuable workplace skills through a local internship.
We prepare our scholars for leadership and service in a global society through on-campus mentorship opportunities and complementary off-campus study programs.
Within our two major and two minor programs we:
Students can join Phi Alpha Theta, the history honor society, apply for scholarships and attend monthly department colloquia. Every year we support student presentations at the Celebration for Undergraduate Research and Creative Performance and honor students through various departmental awards.
Written by Fred L. Johnson III, Ph.D., Twelve weeks of relentless pounding by Virginia’s brutal...
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Read MoreNew Perspectives from Data Analytics and Local/Digital History This off-site presentation is a co...
Read MoreThe time has come: Spring 2023 courses are here! Registration begins on November 7th Take a ...
Read MoreThe Foreign Relations of U.S. Slavery, 1775-1865 Please join the Hope College History Department ...
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NYSE - NYSE Delayed Price. Currency in USD
At close: 04:00PM EDT
7.33 -0.01 (-0.14%)
After hours: 06:57PM EDT
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Date | Open | High | Low | Close* | Adj Close** | Volume |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aug 23, 2023 | 7.27 | 7.37 | 7.26 | 7.34 | 7.34 | 6,270,200 |
Aug 22, 2023 | 7.37 | 7.40 | 7.26 | 7.27 | 7.27 | 7,545,400 |
Aug 21, 2023 | 7.41 | 7.42 | 7.34 | 7.39 | 7.39 | 7,551,000 |
Aug 18, 2023 | 7.33 | 7.40 | 7.32 | 7.36 | 7.36 | 8,974,300 |
Aug 17, 2023 | 7.44 | 7.48 | 7.38 | 7.41 | 7.41 | 8,508,700 |
Aug 16, 2023 | 7.38 | 7.45 | 7.38 | 7.39 | 7.39 | 9,997,300 |
Aug 15, 2023 | 7.41 | 7.43 | 7.30 | 7.32 | 7.32 | 13,975,600 |
Aug 14, 2023 | 7.42 | 7.49 | 7.37 | 7.48 | 7.48 | 8,412,800 |
Aug 11, 2023 | 7.47 | 7.55 | 7.44 | 7.51 | 7.51 | 10,930,300 |
Aug 10, 2023 | 7.56 | 7.64 | 7.48 | 7.50 | 7.50 | 10,434,500 |
Aug 10, 2023 | 0.14 Dividend | |||||
Aug 09, 2023 | 7.64 | 7.71 | 7.56 | 7.58 | 7.44 | 12,273,100 |
Aug 08, 2023 | 7.56 | 7.62 | 7.46 | 7.61 | 7.47 | 10,683,800 |
Aug 07, 2023 | 7.77 | 7.80 | 7.71 | 7.77 | 7.63 | 8,926,100 |
Aug 04, 2023 | 7.65 | 7.79 | 7.65 | 7.71 | 7.57 | 10,566,300 |
Aug 03, 2023 | 7.58 | 7.67 | 7.54 | 7.65 | 7.51 | 9,094,400 |
Aug 02, 2023 | 7.57 | 7.59 | 7.45 | 7.49 | 7.35 | 9,257,700 |
Aug 01, 2023 | 7.86 | 7.88 | 7.73 | 7.79 | 7.65 | 7,753,500 |
Jul 31, 2023 | 8.00 | 8.07 | 7.96 | 7.99 | 7.84 | 7,227,300 |
Jul 28, 2023 | 7.99 | 8.04 | 7.96 | 8.00 | 7.85 | 8,010,500 |
Jul 27, 2023 | 8.18 | 8.19 | 7.83 | 7.84 | 7.70 | 18,376,300 |
Jul 26, 2023 | 8.40 | 8.63 | 8.39 | 8.60 | 8.44 | 8,442,500 |
Jul 25, 2023 | 8.47 | 8.50 | 8.40 | 8.42 | 8.26 | 6,716,900 |
Jul 24, 2023 | 8.41 | 8.53 | 8.41 | 8.48 | 8.32 | 7,547,300 |
Jul 21, 2023 | 8.49 | 8.50 | 8.41 | 8.44 | 8.28 | 8,661,100 |
Jul 20, 2023 | 8.55 | 8.60 | 8.49 | 8.52 | 8.36 | 9,159,200 |
Jul 19, 2023 | 8.50 | 8.58 | 8.46 | 8.55 | 8.39 | 8,002,200 |
Jul 18, 2023 | 8.20 | 8.41 | 8.20 | 8.40 | 8.24 | 7,267,000 |
Jul 17, 2023 | 8.20 | 8.27 | 8.17 | 8.22 | 8.07 | 6,069,400 |
Jul 14, 2023 | 8.30 | 8.30 | 8.16 | 8.16 | 8.01 | 11,290,200 |
Jul 13, 2023 | 8.18 | 8.28 | 8.17 | 8.26 | 8.11 | 11,111,400 |
Jul 12, 2023 | 8.01 | 8.14 | 8.01 | 8.09 | 7.94 | 11,293,900 |
Jul 11, 2023 | 7.73 | 7.84 | 7.71 | 7.82 | 7.68 | 10,699,600 |
Jul 10, 2023 | 7.62 | 7.69 | 7.61 | 7.65 | 7.51 | 10,923,200 |
Jul 07, 2023 | 7.54 | 7.71 | 7.54 | 7.67 | 7.53 | 8,791,000 |
Jul 06, 2023 | 7.53 | 7.55 | 7.45 | 7.54 | 7.40 | 9,317,900 |
Jul 05, 2023 | 7.73 | 7.74 | 7.62 | 7.63 | 7.49 | 8,269,400 |
Jul 03, 2023 | 7.89 | 8.00 | 7.88 | 7.97 | 7.82 | 5,650,000 |
Jun 30, 2023 | 7.84 | 7.88 | 7.81 | 7.86 | 7.71 | 8,613,300 |
Jun 29, 2023 | 7.59 | 7.68 | 7.58 | 7.67 | 7.53 | 4,662,300 |
Jun 28, 2023 | 7.51 | 7.56 | 7.48 | 7.53 | 7.39 | 6,467,800 |
Jun 27, 2023 | 7.44 | 7.50 | 7.38 | 7.49 | 7.35 | 5,712,000 |
Jun 26, 2023 | 7.36 | 7.44 | 7.36 | 7.37 | 7.23 | 6,561,000 |
Jun 23, 2023 | 7.40 | 7.44 | 7.38 | 7.41 | 7.27 | 6,579,000 |
Jun 22, 2023 | 7.59 | 7.61 | 7.52 | 7.52 | 7.38 | 9,205,500 |
Jun 21, 2023 | 7.78 | 7.82 | 7.72 | 7.72 | 7.58 | 8,864,400 |
Jun 20, 2023 | 7.97 | 7.97 | 7.88 | 7.93 | 7.78 | 6,077,700 |
Jun 16, 2023 | 7.94 | 7.97 | 7.89 | 7.93 | 7.78 | 8,804,700 |
Jun 15, 2023 | 7.86 | 7.93 | 7.85 | 7.92 | 7.77 | 8,073,500 |
Jun 14, 2023 | 8.02 | 8.08 | 7.95 | 7.97 | 7.82 | 10,628,100 |
Jun 13, 2023 | 7.82 | 7.97 | 7.81 | 7.95 | 7.80 | 8,970,800 |
Jun 12, 2023 | 7.86 | 7.89 | 7.74 | 7.81 | 7.67 | 10,200,000 |
Jun 09, 2023 | 7.88 | 7.91 | 7.85 | 7.88 | 7.73 | 6,612,600 |
Jun 08, 2023 | 7.95 | 7.97 | 7.89 | 7.95 | 7.80 | 7,243,400 |
Jun 07, 2023 | 7.90 | 7.96 | 7.86 | 7.93 | 7.78 | 9,780,600 |
Jun 06, 2023 | 7.75 | 7.93 | 7.73 | 7.91 | 7.76 | 9,354,600 |
Jun 05, 2023 | 7.82 | 7.82 | 7.68 | 7.75 | 7.61 | 7,892,200 |
Jun 02, 2023 | 7.77 | 7.90 | 7.76 | 7.86 | 7.71 | 8,384,500 |
Jun 01, 2023 | 7.59 | 7.69 | 7.57 | 7.65 | 7.51 | 5,900,500 |
May 31, 2023 | 7.58 | 7.59 | 7.44 | 7.52 | 7.38 | 9,618,400 |
May 30, 2023 | 7.80 | 7.83 | 7.69 | 7.76 | 7.62 | 8,754,200 |
May 26, 2023 | 7.76 | 7.83 | 7.73 | 7.81 | 7.67 | 8,105,000 |
May 25, 2023 | 7.79 | 7.84 | 7.73 | 7.78 | 7.64 | 6,726,100 |
May 24, 2023 | 7.91 | 7.92 | 7.82 | 7.84 | 7.70 | 8,015,800 |
May 23, 2023 | 8.06 | 8.17 | 8.04 | 8.04 | 7.89 | 8,455,500 |
May 22, 2023 | 7.98 | 8.02 | 7.91 | 8.01 | 7.86 | 8,819,500 |
May 19, 2023 | 7.94 | 8.01 | 7.92 | 7.99 | 7.84 | 7,782,400 |
May 18, 2023 | 7.88 | 7.92 | 7.82 | 7.92 | 7.77 | 8,721,800 |
May 17, 2023 | 7.75 | 7.95 | 7.71 | 7.92 | 7.77 | 9,754,300 |
May 16, 2023 | 7.76 | 7.80 | 7.65 | 7.65 | 7.51 | 8,304,800 |
May 15, 2023 | 7.70 | 7.88 | 7.68 | 7.83 | 7.69 | 8,743,600 |
May 12, 2023 | 7.74 | 7.75 | 7.64 | 7.66 | 7.52 | 7,212,900 |
May 11, 2023 | 7.59 | 7.70 | 7.55 | 7.68 | 7.54 | 8,929,200 |
May 10, 2023 | 7.79 | 7.80 | 7.65 | 7.75 | 7.61 | 11,065,500 |
May 09, 2023 | 7.71 | 7.80 | 7.70 | 7.77 | 7.63 | 10,435,500 |
May 08, 2023 | 7.86 | 7.89 | 7.80 | 7.82 | 7.68 | 8,444,000 |
May 05, 2023 | 7.63 | 7.86 | 7.61 | 7.82 | 7.68 | 11,865,200 |
May 04, 2023 | 7.52 | 7.57 | 7.36 | 7.47 | 7.33 | 15,739,400 |
May 03, 2023 | 7.62 | 7.74 | 7.60 | 7.61 | 7.47 | 12,237,000 |
May 02, 2023 | 7.92 | 7.93 | 7.67 | 7.77 | 7.63 | 13,811,000 |
May 01, 2023 | 8.09 | 8.15 | 7.96 | 7.99 | 7.84 | 6,839,300 |
Apr 28, 2023 | 7.94 | 8.07 | 7.93 | 8.07 | 7.92 | 7,684,300 |
Apr 27, 2023 | 7.97 | 8.19 | 7.97 | 8.17 | 8.02 | 10,596,800 |
Apr 26, 2023 | 7.58 | 7.71 | 7.58 | 7.61 | 7.47 | 9,041,000 |
Apr 25, 2023 | 7.53 | 7.54 | 7.39 | 7.42 | 7.28 | 9,314,800 |
Apr 24, 2023 | 7.63 | 7.75 | 7.63 | 7.73 | 7.59 | 8,365,800 |
Apr 21, 2023 | 7.57 | 7.63 | 7.52 | 7.62 | 7.48 | 6,438,200 |
Apr 20, 2023 | 7.66 | 7.72 | 7.60 | 7.62 | 7.48 | 12,955,500 |
Apr 19, 2023 | 7.70 | 7.82 | 7.69 | 7.80 | 7.66 | 7,081,400 |
Apr 18, 2023 | 7.79 | 7.80 | 7.71 | 7.77 | 7.63 | 7,058,200 |
Apr 17, 2023 | 7.62 | 7.74 | 7.60 | 7.73 | 7.59 | 6,543,200 |
Apr 14, 2023 | 7.86 | 7.90 | 7.81 | 7.84 | 7.70 | 6,928,300 |
Apr 13, 2023 | 7.68 | 7.69 | 7.63 | 7.67 | 7.53 | 5,425,300 |
Apr 12, 2023 | 7.67 | 7.69 | 7.59 | 7.59 | 7.45 | 5,934,000 |
Apr 11, 2023 | 7.61 | 7.62 | 7.56 | 7.56 | 7.42 | 4,398,600 |
Apr 10, 2023 | 7.49 | 7.62 | 7.47 | 7.56 | 7.42 | 5,483,500 |
Apr 06, 2023 | 7.46 | 7.58 | 7.45 | 7.55 | 7.41 | 7,650,800 |
Apr 05, 2023 | 7.43 | 7.46 | 7.31 | 7.40 | 7.26 | 7,063,600 |
Apr 04, 2023 | 7.44 | 7.46 | 7.24 | 7.33 | 7.19 | 7,271,200 |
Apr 03, 2023 | 7.33 | 7.40 | 7.30 | 7.37 | 7.23 | 8,022,200 |
*Close price adjusted for splits.**Adjusted close price adjusted for splits and dividend and/or capital gain distributions. |
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