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Symantec
250-251
Administration of HA Solutions for UNIX (VCS 5.0)
https://killexams.com/pass4sure/exam-detail/250-251
250-251 Answer: B Question: 200
Which resource Type can be used to mirror the state of another persistent
resource?
A. Phantom
B. Proxy
C. Process
D. Proctor Answer: B Question: 201
What is the first step when upgrading an operating system on a single node in a
running multimode Veritas Cluster Server (VCS) cluster?
A. offline service groups on the node
B. freeze the service groups
C. migrate parallel service groups
D. shut down VCS on all nodes Answer: A Question: 202
An administrator needs to add a new resource type to a running cluster. What
should the administrator do after installing the agent software on each cluster
system?
A. generate the appropriate hatype commands with hacf -addtype
B. use the hatype command to add the new resource type
C. stop and restart Veritas Cluster Server so that the new resource type is
recognized as valid
D. use the hares command to add the new resource type to your cluster
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250-251 Answer: B Question: 203
Which three are valid user categories in Veritas Cluster Server? (Select three.)
A. Cluster Manager
B. Cluster Operator
C. Cluster Guest
D. Group Manager
E. Group Operator Answer: B, C, E Question: 204
Which method maximizes uptime for clustered applications during a Veritas
Cluster Server (VCS) upgrade?
A. use the harestart command when the upgrade is completed
B. stop VCS using the -force option and then restart VCS on each system
C. evacuate service groups while upgrading one system at a time
D. stop VCS using the -all option and then restart VCS on each system Answer: B Question: 205
A cluster has a service group with a particular functionality. There is a need for
an additional service group that has very similar functionality. How can the new
service group be created in a running cluster?
A. edit the Veritas Cluster Server simulators main.cmd file and import it into the
running cluster
B. copy the resources into a new service group using the Veritas Cluster Server
Java GUI
C. copy the service group using the Veritas Cluster Server Java GUI
D. run hacf -verify and paste the new service group into the cluster's main.cf
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250-251 Answer: B Question: 206
Which two files can be used to recreate a corrupt main.cf configuration file?
(Select two.)
A. main.cf.previous
B. main.cf.old
C. main.cmd
D. main.previous
E. main.cmd.old Answer: A, C Question: 207
Consider the following litstat output from both nodes of a cluster.
Assuming all hardware is operational, what is required to get the hearbeat links
running normally?
A. start LLT
B. Start GAB
C. assign an IP address to all four NICs
77
250-251
D. fix the main.cf file running hacf-verify. Answer: B Question: 208
Consider the following configuration:
While GroupA is online, all of the systems in the cluster are rebooted
simultaneously. All of the systems finish booting and successfully join the
cluster. What will happen to the service group, GroupA?
A. It will start on SystemA.
B. It will remain offline on all systems.
C. It will resume its state before the reboot.
D. It will start on SystemA in a frozen state. Answer: B
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https://killexams.com/exam_list/SymantecSymantec Users Still Can't get Vista SP1
Microsoft has configured Windows Update to prevent Vista users whose PCs contain certain device drivers from downloading Vista SP1 because these drivers were reportedly causing technical issues after SP1 was installed. These drivers included display drivers from Intel and a software driver for Symantec's Endpoint Protection 11.0 and Network Access Control products.
In an email to Everything Channel, Brian Foster, senior director of product management at Symantec, said the currently-available versions of Symantec Endpoint Protection 11.0 and Symantec Network Access Control are not certified for use with Vista SP1 and could potentially be impacted by this issue.
However, Symantec has fixed the driver issue in the upcoming maintenance releases of the Endpoint Protection and Network Access Control products, which are currently in the hands of beta customers and due to be available for general release in the coming weeks, according to Foster. Both upcoming releases will be fully certified for Vista SP1.
Launched last September, Endpoint Protection 11.0, formerly known as Project Hamlet, is an amalgam of antivirus, firewall, network and host IPS, application and device control, and rootkit detection functions, all integrated into the Symantec endpoint protection agent. Symantec Network Access Control 11.0 is available as a separate license.
Endpoint Protection 11.0, which replaced the embattled Antivirus Corporate Edition product line, includes a Veritas technology known as Raw Disk Scan that can find rootkits hidden deep within the dark recesses of hard drives, and a homegrown network IPS technology called Generic Exploit Blocking that can detect zero day threats without the use of signatures.
While Symantec users will have to wait for Vista SP1, an Intel spokesperson said in an email that Intel's latest Graphics Media Accelerator Driver for Windows Vista driver allows its users to get SP1 today.
The driver, which Intel updated Feb. 21, allows PCs running the Intel G31, G33, G35, Q33, Q35, G965, Q965, Q963, 946GZ, 945G, and 945GZ Express desktop chipsets to get Vista SP1 from Windows Update.
Sun, 10 Dec 2023 22:35:00 -0600text/htmlhttps://www.crn.com/news/applications-os/206905371/symantec-users-still-cant-download-vista-sp1Firefox not installing on Windows 11/10 [Fix]
Is Mozilla Firefox not installing correctly on your Windows 11/10 PC? Some users have reported that they are unable to install the Firefox browser on their computers.
How do I install Firefox on Windows 11?
To install Firefox on a Windows 11 PC, visit the official website of Mozilla Firefox in Edge and then get the latest installer file for Windows OS. After that, run the downloaded setup file and perform the prompted steps to install Firefox. You can also install Firefox from Microsoft Store. Open Microsoft Store, search for Mozilla Firefox, tap on the app, and then press the Get button to get and install it on your computer.
However, see users have reported that the installation just gets stuck and the browser won’t install. Many users have also reported to be getting the following error message:
Hmm. For some reason, we could not install Firefox. Choose OK to start over.
This issue may occur in different scenarios. For example, while reinstalling the browser, updating the browser, or installing Firefox from scratch. You might face the problem due to different reasons like insufficient access permissions, corrupted installer file, antivirus/firewall interference, etc.
Now, if you are one of the affected users, you have landed on the correct page. Here, you can find all the working fixes that will help you get rid of the issue. So, without much ado, let us check out.
If the Mozilla Firefox browser is not installing or updating on your Windows PC, use the below working fixes:
Run the installer as an administrator.
Download a fresh setup file.
Completely uninstall Firefox from your PC and then reinstall it.
Manually update Firefox.
Temporarily disable your antivirus/firewall.
1] Run the installer as an administrator
The first thing you should do to fix the problem is launch the Firefox installer as an administrator. It might be a lack of necessary administrator permissions that is causing hurdles in installing Firefox on your PC. So, you can simply run the installer with administrator rights and see if the problem is resolved.
To do so, open File Explorer using Win+E and go to the Downloads or the folder where you have downloaded the setup file of Firefox. Now, right-click on the setup file and click on the Run as administrator option from the appeared context menu. Next, follow the prompted instructions and see if you are able to successfully install Firefox or not.
2] get a fresh setup file
It might be the case that you are facing the issue because of an incomplete or corrupted installer file. The get process might be interrupted due to network issues. Also, if you are using an old installer file to install Firefox, it might not install. Hence, if the scenario is applicable, you can delete the existing setup file and then get the latest installer file from the official website of Firefox or the Microsoft Store. See if you are now able to install the Firefox browser or not.
If you downloaded the setup from Microsoft Store, try downloading Firefox from its website instead of the Microsoft Store and see.
As reported by some users, they can’t get and install Firefox from Microsoft Store. If the same is applicable to you, get the Firefox installer from its official website and then try installing it on your computer.
On the other hand, if you are unable to install Firefox using its setup file, you can try installing the browser from Microsoft Store.
3] Completely uninstall Firefox from your PC and then reinstall it
In case you are trying to reinstall Firefox on your computer, you must uninstall it completely from your computer to avoid any issues. Apart from that, if you are facing this issue while trying to update your browser, you can first uninstall Firefox and then install its latest version to fix the issue.
To completely uninstall Firefox from Windows, follow the below steps:
First, press Win+I to open the Settings app and navigate to the Apps tab. Then, click on the Installed apps option and select the Mozilla Firefox app from the list of installed apps.
After that, press the three-dot menu button present next to Firefox and choose the Uninstall option. You now have to follow the instructions prompted on your screen and complete the app removal process.
When done, open File Explorer using Win+E and navigate to the C:\Program Files folder. From here, delete the Mozilla Firefox folder. Next, delete the Firefox folder from the C:\Program Files (x86) location as well.
Next, open the Run dialog using Win+R and enter the following address in its Open field:
%APPDATA%\Mozilla\
In the opened location, delete all the files and folders.
Now, restart your computer and get the latest installer for Firefox from its website. Hopefully, you will now be able to install Firefox without any issues.
In case the issues occur when you are trying to update Firefox using its installer, you can manually update Firefox. Open Firefox, click on the three-bar menu button and choose the About Firefox option. Now, let Firefox look for available software updates. Once done, you can install the updates and restart the browser to complete the process.
5] Temporarily disable your antivirus/firewall
It could be your overprotective security program causing issues while installing Firefox. It might be preventing you from installing Firefox on your computer. Hence, it is suggested to temporarily disable your antivirus/firewall and then try installing Firefox on your PC. After the browser is installed, you can enable your security programs again.
Hope this helps.
If the problem still remains the same and you are unable to install Firefox on your computer, no worries. There are several good free web browsers available that you can use as an alternative and perform your tasks. Some of the nice ones you can use are Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, Pale Moon, Opera, OperaGX, and many more. If you want a secure and private browser, you can try Epic Privacy Browser, Tor, Iridium Browser, etc.
Why doesn t Firefox work on Windows 11?
If the Firefox browser installed on your computer but not working properly, some problematic add-ons might be causing this issue. A corrupted Firefox startupCache can be another reason for the same. Besides that, if the browser is corrupted or there are certain installation files that are broken, Firefox won’t work properly.
Sun, 14 May 2023 12:01:00 -0500en-ustext/htmlhttps://www.thewindowsclub.com/firefox-not-installing-on-windowsThis app can’t be activated by the Built-in Administrator
You may receive the error message This app can’t be activated by the Built-in Administrator when you try to open certain apps on your Windows 11 or Windows 10 computer. This post provides the most adequate solutions affected PC users can apply to resolve the issue on their device. In some cases, the error occurs when you try to open PNG, GIF, JPEG, and PDF files.
When you encounter this issue, depending on the program in question, you’ll receive the full error message along the following lines;
Microsoft Visual Studio
Unable to activate Windows Store app. The activation request failed with error ‘This app can’t be activated by the Built-in Administrator’.
See help for advice on troubleshooting the issue.
If you’re faced with this issue, you can try our recommended solutions below in no particular order and see if that helps to resolve the This app can’t be activated by the Built-in Administrator issue that has occurred on your Windows 11/10 device.
Run Windows Store Apps Troubleshooter
Run System File Checker (SFC) scan
Reset Microsoft Store or Clear Windows Store Cache
Change UAC level
Modify User Account Control policy via Group Policy Editor
Let’s take a look at the description of the process involved concerning each of the listed solutions.
As the app in question is a Microsoft Store app, you can begin troubleshooting to resolve the This app can’t be activated by the Built-in Administrator issue that has occurred on your Windows 11/10 device by running the Windows Store Apps Troubleshooter and see if that helps.
To run Windows Store Apps Troubleshooter on your Windows 11 device, do the following:
This solution requires you to run SFC scan on your Windows 11/10 PC and see if that helps. The native utility will repair any corrupt system file which is a likely culprit to the issue in hand.
3] Reset Microsoft Store or Clear Windows Store Cache
Some affected users reported they were able to resolve the issue in hand by resetting Microsoft Store or clearing Windows Store cache. So, you can deliver this a try and see if that works for you, otherwise try the next solution.
4] Change UAC level
Due to security setting of newer versions of Windows, certain file types that are opened through Store apps will require UAC (User Account Control) permissions in order to run, but since the built-in account doesn’t have UAC privileges, you’ll get the error. In this case, to resolve the issue, you can change the UAC level on your Windows 11/10 PC.
Try the next solution if this didn’t work for you.
5] Modify User Account Control policy via Group Policy Editor
This is a two-step solution which requires you to enable Admin Approval Mode for the Built-in Administrator Account and then modify the User Interface Privilege Isolation (UIPI) registry key value.
Do the following:
Press Windows key + R to invoke the Run dialog.
In the Run dialog box type gpedit.msc and hit Enter to open Group Policy Editor.
Inside the Local Group Policy Editor, use the left pane to navigate to the path below:
Computer Configuration > Windows Settings > Security Settings > Local Policy > Security Options
Scroll on the right pane, locate and double-click on User Account Control: Admin Approval Mode for the Built-in Administrator account policy to edit its properties.
In the policy window, set the radio button to Enabled.
Click Apply > OK to save the changes.
Exit Group Policy Editor.
For Windows 11/10 Home users, you can add Local Group Policy Editor feature and then carry out the instructions as provided above.
Now, you can proceed with the step 2 to modify the UIPI registry key value.
Sun, 02 Jan 2022 09:59:00 -0600en-ustext/htmlhttps://www.thewindowsclub.com/this-app-cant-be-activated-by-the-built-in-administratorBest project management software of 2024
The best project management software makes it simple and easy for teams to organize projects and tasks.
Best project management software: quick menu
With the normalization of home working following the pandemic, project management software is more important than ever, giving remote teams an easy way to manage projects and tasks.
Whereas it used to be the case that paper or spreadsheets would be required, these days, project management software is usually able to provide a range of tools to help improve productivity and make the management of tasks easier.
Features might normally include the ability to set up a team and allow communication between members, the assignment of specific subtasks with dates for completion, as well as goals, interactive calendars, progress reports, and analytics to provide data on workflows.
The best project management software of 2024 in full:
Why you can trust TechRadar We spend hours testing every product or service we review, so you can be sure you’re buying the best. Find out more about how we test.
Best overall
Clever resource assignment features combined with a powerful interface
Reasons to buy
+
Project budget forecasting
+
Cloud and on-premise variants
+
Advanced Gantt charts
+
Supports detailed task descriptions
Reasons to avoid
-
Cloud version expensive for large teams
-
Lacks a decent mobile application
Microsoft Project is one of the more advanced project management platforms available today. It features cutting-edge technologies that allow you to identify the best way to schedule projects and find optimal solutions for distributing workloads across your team.
If you’ve ever used Microsoft Excel or another Microsoft productivity tool, the chances are that you’ll feel at home when navigating around Microsoft Project. Like other Office programs, tools and shortcuts can be found in a bar at the top of the screen.
However, “at home” doesn’t mean “comfortable”. Although Project might look similar to Excel, you’ll need to have a grounding in project management concepts to fully understand what’s going on in the Microsoft Project interface. On the left part of the display, you’ll find a spreadsheet related to task and resource data. Meanwhile, on the right-hand side is an interactive visualization of your schedule.
Taking some time to familiarize yourself with this program before confidently taking on any given task would be a wise choice, even for those who would consider themselves “advanced” in skill and knowledge of project management tools and software.
Although it won’t be winning any prizes for simplicity, Microsoft Project remains an excellent project management tool for experienced professionals. Its ability to forecast project costs and assign resources based on intricate details mean it can simply go further than and do more than the alternative project solutions.
Asana is a project management solution you may have heard of – even if you haven’t used the service in the past. While it offers a ton of handy features to boost productivity, there’s a bigger emphasis placed on tracking.
The app lets you create to-do lists and reminders so you always meet deadlines, plus you can add due dates, colleagues, instructions to tasks, and comment on items. You can even share images from other apps (like Google Drive) directly to Asana. And more importantly, you can actually track everything you and your colleagues work on in a bid to ensure the project is running smoothly and to schedule.
If you’re concerned with who is working on certain projects, then you can bring up a list of teams and individuals, and there’s also a search functionality so you can find completed tasks easily.
Asana offers a free Basic tier, with limited functionality and dashboards. Step up to the Premium, Business, or Enterprise tiers and you unlock additional features, as well as administration and management options.
Miro is one of those online tools that aims to bridge the gap between traditional office working and the modern hybrid routine that many of us are familiar with. It is best described as a multipurpose online collaboration tool, and its list of features is pretty extensive stretching beyond the typical realms of similar software.
The majority of the work you’ll end up doing in Miro will revolve around what it calls boards, which start off as entirely blank spaces. Setting one up from scratch can be daunting and time-consuming, which is why the company has designed templates that you can pick from the get-go.
Some of its most commonly accessed templates include mind maps, Kanban boards, flowcharts, product roadmaps, and timelines. Many of these will serve well as project management tools, and anybody familiar with other project management software like Airtable or Trello will already be familiar with how they work.
Overall, we think Miro is hard to beat. Its long list of features should cover all parts of a typical business process from research and design to presentation, and its collaboration abilities are second to none. Furthermore, its transparency around security and reasonable pricing make it hard for us not to recommend it. The only thing we could wish for is better support channels.
A well-known cross-platform project management solution
Reasons to buy
+
Cross-platform support
+
Cloud-based
+
Team supported
Over the last few years, Trello has emerged as one of the most popular project management applications. It lets you organize all of your work-based and personal projects through a computer, tablet or smartphone. Trello is notably used by the likes of Fender, Google and Kickstarter.
You’re able to set up boards to organize everything you’re working on, delegate tasks among colleagues, get customized workflows, add to-do lists within task cards, attach files and comment on items. The idea is that you manage all aspects of a project within the app, regardless of whether it’s team-based or assigned to an individual.
Both Windows and Mac desktops are supported, with mobile apps available on Android and iOS devices; there’s even a version that’s been optimized specifically for the iPad Pro. The latter sports a larger canvas and a variety of handy email shortcuts to speed up projects. It’s free to get to deliver it a spin, and can be used on the free tier, although there is a limit on the size of file attachments.
Upgrade to Business Class and you get additional features, including one-day email support, and integration with other services such as from Google and Slack, as well as higher attachment limits.
Zoho Projects is another project management tool that allows users to plan, organize, and collaborate on projects, while using Gantt charts for detailed visualization of progress and schedules.
There are also options for document management, time keeping, as well as tracking and fixing errors. A range of integrations are available, such as Slack, Google, Dropbox, as well as the numerous other Zoho suites.
Pricing is dependent on both the number of users, number of projects, and the depth of features required, with higher level plans offering unlimited projects and higher limits according to the plan subscribed to. There is a free plan available to explore the software's features.
Basecamp is one of the oldest project management solutions, having been around for more than 10 years, building a reputation which makes it a highly credible tool for businesses that work on big projects.
The latest version of the app offers a variety of helpful features, including the ability to send direct messages for quick discussions, set up a schedule so you only get notifications within work hours, and show your appreciation for colleagues by clicking an applause button. Basecamp avoids a fragmented workflow, and as the firm says, it keeps “discussions, tasks, files, schedules and chat in one place.”
There are some nifty functions for dealing with clients, too. For instance, you can easily save and track client feedback and approvals, and you can also get reports on how projects are going. And when you want to collaborate with others, you can create group chats.
A free version lets you work on up to three projects with up to 20 people, to allow you to try out the software. After that, there's only a single paid-for plan, which includes all features and an unlimited number of users, making this a great deal for teams but not so much for individual users.
Liquid Planner has a robust feature set for enterprise-grade project management, boasting corporate customers which are leading Fortune 500 firms including Bayer, Cisco and Daimler.
Features include the Smart Schedule that can assist in prioritizing work, assigning people resources, and then estimating the hours needed for completion, which then allows the project to be tracked given the hours devoted to it by the assigned workforce.
Conversely, the Resource Management feature can show the hours put in by each worker, and track who is available to assign to the next project. All of this data feeds into easy-to-read dashboards that can be integrated into financial metrics and trends.
Note that there is a free 14-day trial to take Liquid Planner out for a test drive before you commit.
A communication-first app for generating project ideas
Reasons to buy
+
The option of in-app purchases
+
Useful IM function
Reasons to avoid
-
Premium plans are expensive
Podio has been designed for professionals who are always working on multiple projects and generating new ideas. More than 400,000 businesses and teams from across the world are using it, including the likes of Sony, Volvo and the NFL.
With the Podio app, you have the ability to create tasks and customize them based on your workflow, taking into account deadlines and responsibilities. There’s also a built-in instant messaging function that you can use to share ideas and see how others are getting on with delegated tasks. Additionally, there is a handy tool for getting quick feedback without having to send several emails.
There are integrations with third-party services such as Dropbox and Google Drive, meaning you can share content quickly and easily. Podio is available in a number of additional languages, including French, German, Danish, Chinese, Spanish and Russian.
This section is authored by Cliff Berg, Agile evangelist
Some people claim that Agile does not have a place for the role of the project manager. That is a harsh claim, though, and it is a little like someone who has just turned 18 saying to their parents, “I don’t need a parent anymore”.
The role of a project manager was firmly established before the Agile movement, largely because work on software was usually organized as a project: that is, a chunk of work that was budgeted for, and was scheduled for, and for which requirements were defined up front.
Today, software is best viewed as a living thing: once you create it, you need to keep evolving it. Thus, the view that you create it and then maintain it, and that if you ever need to change it you propose a project - that approach is too slow and cumbersome. Instead, one needs to build the evolution of the product into its process for creating and maintaining it.
It is like for most living things, most creatures are not born and then stay the same, and then at some point undergo a metamorphosis and change to a new state. Some do that, but most are born and then continue to evolve and change continuously throughout their lives. Software is like that today - or needs to be, to keep pace with today’s market demands, let alone stay ahead of the market.
The “project” construct is based on a corporate finance model whereby an organization is in a steady state, and one then proposes a “project” and an accompanying ROI analysis - usually through an annual planning cycle - that will change the organization to a new state. That heavyweight and plodding approach is an obsolete model. Today, change needs to be continuous. The construct of “project” should be reserved for things that need an unusual boost - a “one-off” step change - but most things need continuous change, so most things should not be funded as projects.
A better way to look at automated business systems is as products: things that comprise a capability, that have a life cycle, and that are continuously being enhanced.
If most business initiatives are not funded and managed as projects, then there is less of a need for project managers; but project managers have skills that are still needed.
Unfortunately, the top-heavy methods of the 1990s created a community of project managers who were trained in those top-heavy methods. It is those methods that are largely obsolete for software. They still work for other things, such as building construction, but software is just too dynamic. Software is not like a building: you cannot see it, you cannot assess at a glance how “done” it is, it connects in myriad ways, rather than only in three dimensions. It is different every time, you never build the same software twice, even though there can be some requirements that are repeated.
That means that the process of building software is not repeatable, and so it cannot be managed as such. It is a highly creative process, and there is a lot of trial and error in it. One cannot fully design software upfront; one has to create a tentative high-level design, build it and alter the design as one discovers some elements don't work right until everything fits and works in the end. This is a craftsmanship of unique products that won’t be the same again.
Such efforts need leadership, and organization, and decision making, and inspiration. The function of management includes all these things, by definition, and thus, there is very much a role for managers; but what does not work is an autocratic manager who tells everyone what to do, or one who sits at their desk checking off documents. Instead, leadership is needed, from the managers and from others, and the kinds of leadership that work are those that encourage thoughtfulness, rational Socratic discussion, and transparent decision making. People need a high degree of autonomy - not complete autonomy, but a lot. They also need a lot of coordination, and those who lead need to be good listeners and always watching for issues that are being overlooked.
Which project management software is best for you?
When deciding which project management software to get and use, first consider what your actual needs are, as sometimes free platforms may only provide basic options, so if you need to use advanced tools you may find a paid platform is much more worthwhile. Additionally, free and budget software options can sometimes prove limited when it comes to the variety of tools available, while higher-end software can really cater for every need, so do ensure you have a good idea of which features you think you may require.
How we tested the best project management software
Project management tools have developed markedly in exact years, adding a host of features, from Gannt charts to file sharing solutions. For this independent review, we’ve analyzed some of the best-known project management solutions on the market, evaluating them for their usability, features, and integration with other software. How they stand up to the new rigours enforced by the COVID-19 pandemic has also been considered. In terms of what you should look for in a project management tool, scalability, reliability and security are also important. These are factors that we carefully assessed before choosing our best project management software solutions.
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Tue, 02 Jan 2024 19:47:00 -0600Barclay Ballardentext/htmlhttps://www.techradar.com/best/best-project-management-softwareThe GOVERNMENT ANALYTICS Handbook
"This pioneering handbook shows how microdata can be used to deliver ... granular and real insights into how states work."
— Francis Fukuyama, Stanford University, author of State-Building: Governance and World Order in the 21st Century
“The most comprehensive work on practically building government administration I have ever seen."
— Francisco Gaetani, Special Secretary for State Transformation, Government of Brazil
________________
About
Governments across the world make thousands of personnel management decisions, procure millions of goods and services, and execute billions of processes each day. They are data rich. And yet, there is little systematic practice to-date which capitalizes on this data to make public administrations work better. This means that governments are missing out on data insights to save billions in procurement expenditures, recruit better talent into government, and identify sources of corruption, to name just a few.
The Government Analytics Handbook seeks to change that. It presents frontier evidence and practitioner insights on how to leverage data to make governments work better. Covering a range of microdata sources—such as administrative data and public servant surveys—as well as tools and resources for undertaking the analytics, it transforms the ability of governments to take a data-informed approach to diagnose and Boost how public organizations work.
Main Messages
Firms are capitalizing on innovations in data science at an unprecedented scale to Boost their internal operations, but many governments are lacking behind. This book introduces government analytics – how governments can repurpose their data and records to diagnose public administration and boost public sector productivity.
A wealth of approaches and data sources are available to governments for analytics to identify evidence-based improvements. Many of these approaches rely on data that governments already collect as part of their day-to-day operations
Government analytics can be undertaken with at least three types of data: administrative data from government entities (such as procurement data); surveys of public servants; and external assessments (such as household surveys or anthropological assessments).
Which data source is appropriate for analytics depends on what aspect of public administration an organization is seeking to diagnose and improve. Some data sources are better suited to assessing inputs into public administration, such as payroll data assessing the costs of different personnel. Some data sources are better suited to assessing the processes, practices, and cultures that convert inputs into outputs, such as surveys of public servants assessing perceptions of management in government. And some data sources are better suited to assessing the outputs and outcomes of public administration, such as citizen satisfaction surveys.
Frontier government analytics integrates different data sources and makes insights accessible to managers across government organizations. For instance, dashboards integrating data sources and updating in real time can provide managers with insights into staffing issues, quality of management, task completion rates and case productivity, among many. Comparative data can allow benchmarking with other government organizations, or where appropriate, other countries. The result is a transformational change, with managers integrating analytic insights with their tacit understanding of their organization to drive continuous public administration improvement.
Governments can advance government analytics by creating government analytics units at the center of government and within each major organization. Centralized units enable economies of scale in analytics, a common data architecture and government-wide benchmarking. Units within organizations can complement central analytics by helping interpret analytics for their organization, and adapting analytics tools to particular organizational needs.
Sun, 22 Oct 2023 17:16:00 -0500entext/htmlhttps://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/government-analyticsThe Power of Sandboxing for State and Local Government Security
The onslaught of malware never ends. Luckily, state and local governments can rely on sandboxing, a time-tested method to thwart attackers.
Sandboxing a process in which a suspect file, code or URL is shunted to an isolated area outside of an organization’s production IT system for closer examination. There, it’s prodded and watched (also known as being “detonated”) to see how it responds to standard programs and operating systems such as Windows and Linux. If the code starts causing trouble, the malware is tagged and then blocked at the network endpoints. Equally important, information on the exploit (particularly when it is brand-new) is pushed out to the network edge, which watches for similar incursions in the future.
“As the only instance outside of a customer endpoint where a file is executed, it can help state and local governments in the early detection of advanced threats such as zero-day exploits and targeted attacks that may evade traditional security measures,” says Andy Kinghorn, director of development at Symantec.
Today, most of the process is done virtually and elsewhere — which affords key advantages, as Fortinet notes on its website: “It consists of using a sandboxing environment to test downloads, URLs, and code — but in the cloud instead of using on-site hardware. When a sandboxing environment is in the cloud, it is kept apart from your computer or any of the devices on your network.”
In rarer cases, an organization may choose “bare-metal” sandboxing on racked hardware that is physically separate from any network. Such air-gapped measures are typically used in situations where security is paramount.
“Bare metal is super effective, has no virtualization and is heavily resource intensive,” says Deepen Desai, chief security officer for Zscaler. But the method has downsides: It’s labor intensive and requires resetting hardware between sandboxing sessions. This is a problem that doesn’t exist with virtual machines.
On the upside, the bare-metal approach makes it far harder for malware to evade a sandbox.
How Do Inline Blocks and Next-Generation Firewalls Help Sandboxing?
Inline blocks and next-generation firewalls keep suspicious files from crossing from the edge into the network in real time. They combine advanced threat filtering and artificial intelligence (AI) to recognize potentially hazardous code, which is then sent directly to the sandbox for examination.
“Inline blocking, NGFWs and sandboxing are complementary technologies where each is essential as part of a multilayered security solution,” Kinghorn says. “Intrusion prevention systems technology you would find in a NGFW provides additional indicators of compromise and metadata that can provide context in the sandbox decision-making to help block network threats.”
While a combination of sandboxing and inline blocks is most advisable, the two technologies deliver different user experiences. A firewall can filter out malware in milliseconds.
“Sandboxing provides unique capabilities, but at the expense of time and money,” says Randy Pargman, director of threat detection for Proofpoint. The process generally takes between three and 10 minutes. It’s more expensive because most organizations pay third-party vendors for the service based on use. “If you have 10,000 things that need to be sandboxed in an hour, you need a lot of computers running in parallel,” he adds.
At the Marple Newtown School District in Pennsylvania, the network administrator uses Check Point network detection and response and manages user expectations when a file gets sandboxed for five to 10 minutes.
“We get the occasional calls from people saying an email is taking a long time to come in,” says Christopher Lee, director of technology for the district. “We explain that it’s a virus scan.”
How Do Bad Actors Try to Avoid Sandboxing Detection?
Black hat programmers are exceptionally good at figuring out new ways to evade detection. Since they realize most organizations employ sandboxes, they’ve written code to detect the environment and stay dormant until cleared to roam a target network.
“The people who write the malware know what security is in place,” says Check Point’s Tony Sabaj.
Since the good guys know that the bad guys also know, the act of scanning a piece of code often gives up the game. “Even them doing the check is a trigger point,” Desai says.
Malware’s most common trick is running out the sandboxing clock. “It basically does nothing suspicious until enough time goes by, then it deploys the malicious part,” Pargman says. Proofpoint tricks the code into thinking that more time has elapsed, causing it to show its true colors.
Very simply, you don’t want to sandbox every suspect file that comes into your organization.”
Alan Hall Director of Product Marketing, Symantec Network Information Security
How Does Artificial Intelligence Support Sandboxing?
AI and machine learning excel at comparing things and recognizing differences. Network security is an ideal fit for this technology, which is now woven into most platforms.
“AI and ML excel at extracting and processing information from large data sets quickly,” Kinghorn says. “They enhance sandboxing value where we can scan files while running with more computing resources than a customer endpoint and provide an unfiltered stream of system events as a file is executed within the environment.”
In short, it’s a perfect training ground for AI, which keeps learning and improving over time. AI is also used to pick up malware hiding in logos and other images on websites. It can recognize problematic language patterns in emails to identify phishing and other exploits as well, Pargman says.
“As we move to AI processing and neural networks, we’ve been able to increase security by 30 percent and decrease false positives by 90 percent,” Sabaj says.
How Can State and Local Governments Avoid Sandboxing Pitfalls?
Just having a sandbox capability isn’t enough, experts say. Correct policies need to be employed to use one effectively. A sandbox can be sluggish and inefficient, particularly if a network security posture is overly defensive and sends too many items for inspection.
“Very simply, you don’t want to sandbox every suspect file that comes into your organization,” writes Alan Hall, director of product marketing for Symantec Network Information Security. “At the same time, you don’t want to send a questionable file into your enterprise and inspect it later. If the file turns out to be malicious, you’ll have to remediate its impact on your organization, which will cost extra time and effort.”
The answer is to trim down the number of dubious files flowing into the sandbox using filters at the network edge to catch easily identifiable malware and block it there.
“Such a filter-funnel strategy will protect your organization from unnecessary costs and slow performance, while providing effective cybersecurity protection,” Hall says.
Desai agrees that an integrated approach is best: “You can’t just rely on sandboxing. Inline blocks take care of the majority of known exploits,” he says.
While sandboxing has been around for more than a decade, few expect it to be superseded by a new technology any time soon. That’s because the method works well and is being constantly updated and improved.
“Sandboxing will continue to evolve,” says Pargman. “It’s going to be around for a while. Today’s sandboxing is an entirely different beast” than what was available even a few years ago.
da-kuk/Getty Images
Wed, 20 Dec 2023 05:52:00 -0600Randy Barrettentext/htmlhttps://statetechmagazine.com/article/2023/12/sandboxing-for-it-teams-perfconUPSC Public Administration Optional Syllabus: get PDF for Mains Exam
UPSC Public Administration Mains Syllabus 2023 PDF
The Public Administration optional syllabus is divided into two papers i.e. Paper I and Paper II in UPSC Mains exam. Each paper is conducted for 250 marks with a total of 500 marks. One must adhere to the UPSC Public Administration mains syllabus and the right resources to increase their chances of scoring High Marks in the civil services exam. Mentioned below is the topic-wise UPSC Public Administration syllabus for both the papers discussed below.
UPSC Public Administration Mains Optional Syllabus for Paper I
The UPSC Public Administration Mains Syllabus for Paper I covers syllabus like Administrative Thought, Administrative Behaviour, Organisations, Accountability and Control, Administrative Law, Comparative Public Administration, Development Dynamics, Personnel Administration, etc. Check the topic-wise UPSC Public Administration mains Paper I syllabus shared below.
Administration Theory
Introduction: Meaning, scope and significance of Public Administration, Wilson’s vision of Public Administration, Evolution of the discipline and its present status. New Public Administration, Public Choice approach; Challenges of liberalization, Privatisation, Globalisation; Good Governance: concept and application; New Public Management.
Administrative Thought: Scientific Management and Scientific Management movement; Classical Theory; Weber’s bureaucratic model its critique and post-Weberian Developments; Dynamic Administration (Mary Parker Follett); Human Relations School (Elton Mayo and others); Functions of the Executive (C.I. Barnard); Simon’s decision making theory; Participative Management (R. Likert, C. Argyris, D. McGregor.)
Administrative Behaviour: Process and techniques of decision-making; Communication; Morale; Motivation Theories content, process and contemporary; Theories of Leadership: Traditional and Modem:
Organizations: Theories systems, contingency; Structure and forms: Ministries and Departments, Corporations, Companies; Boards and Commissions; Ad hoc, and advisory bodies; Headquarters and Field relationships; Regulatory Authorities; Public-Private Partnerships.
Accountability and Control: Concepts of accountability and control; Legislative, Executive and judicial control over administration; Citizen and Administration; Role of media, interest groups, voluntary organizations; Civil society; Citizen’s Charters; Right to Information; Social audit.
Administrative Law: Meaning, scope and significance; Dicey on Administrative law; Delegated legislation; Administrative Tribunals.
Comparative Public Administration: Historical and sociological factors affecting administrative systems; Administration and politics in different countries; Current status of Comparative Public Administration; Ecology and administration; Riggsian models and their critique.
Development Dynamics: Concept of development; Changing profile of development administration; ‘Anti-development thesis’; Bureaucracy and development; Strong state versus the market debate; Impact of liberalisation on administration in developing countries; Women and development the self-help group movement.
Personnel Administration: Importance of human resource development; Recruitment, training, career advancement, position classification, discipline, performance appraisal, promotion, pray and service conditions; employer-employee relations, grievance redressal mechanism; Code of conduct; Administrative ethics.
Public Policy: Models of policy-making and their critique; Processes of conceptualisation, planning, implementation, monitoring, evaluation and review and their limitations; State theories and public policy formulation.
Techniques of Administrative Improvement: Organisation and methods, Work study and work management, e-governance and information technology; Management aid tools like network analysis, MIS, PERT, and CPM.
Financial Administration: Monetary and fiscal policies: Public borrowings and public debt Budgets types and forms; Budgetary process; Financial accountability; Accounts and audit.
UPSC Public Administration Mains Syllabus for Paper II
The UPSC Public Administration Mains Syllabus for Paper II covers syllabus like the Evolution of Indian Administration, the Philosophical and Constitutional framework of Government, Public Sector Undertakings, Union Government and Administration, Plans and Priorities, State Government and Administration, etc. Check the topic-wise UPSC Public Administration mains Paper II syllabus shared below.
Indian Administration
Evolution of Indian Administration: Kautilya Arthashastra; Mughal administration; Legacy of British rule in politics and administration Indianization of Public services, revenue administration, district Administration, local self Government.
Philosophical and Constitutional framework of Government: Salient features and value premises; Constitutionalism; Political culture; Bureaucracy and democracy; Bureaucracy and development.
Public Sector Undertakings: Public sector in modern India; Forms of Public Sector Undertakings; Problems of autonomy, accountability, and control; Impact of liberalization and privatization.
Union Government and Administration: Executive, Parliament, Judiciary-structure, functions, work processes; exact trends; Intra-governmental relations; Cabinet Secretariat; Prime Minister’s Office; Central Secretariat; Ministries and Departments; Boards; Commissions; Attached offices; Field organizations.
Plans and Priorities: Machinery of planning; Role, composition and functions of the Planning Commission and the National Development Council; ‘Indicative’ planning; Process of plan formulation at Union and State levels; Constitutional Amendments (1992) and decentralized planning for economic development and social justice.
State Government and Administration: Union-State administrative, legislative and financial relations; Role of the Finance Commission; Governor; Chief Minister; Council of Ministers; Chief Secretary; State Secretariat; Directorates.
District Administration since Independence: The changing role of the Collector; Union-State-local relations; Imperatives of development management and law and order administration; District Administration and democratic decentralization.
Civil Services: Constitutional position; Structure, recruitment, training and capacity building; Good governance initiatives; Code of conduct and discipline; Staff associations; Political rights; Grievance redressal mechanism; Civil service neutrality; Civil service activism.
Financial Management: Budget as a political instrument; Parliamentary control of public expenditure; Role of finance ministry in monetary and fiscal area; Accounting techniques; Audit; Role of Controller General of Accounts and Comptroller and Auditor General of India.
Administrative Reforms since Independence: Major concerns; Important Committees and Commissions; Reforms in financial management and human resource development; Problems of implementation.
Rural Development: Institutions and agencies since Independence; Rural development programmes: foci and strategies; Decentralization and Panchayati Raj; 73rd Constitutional amendment.
Urban Local Government: Municipal governance: main features, structures, finance and problem areas; 74th Constitutional Amendment; Global-local debate; New localism; Development dynamics, politics and administration with special reference to city management.
Law and Order Administration: British legacy; National Police Commission; Investigative agencies; Role of Central and State Agencies including para military forces in maintenance of law and order and countering insurgency and terrorism; Criminalisation of politics and administration; Police-public relations; Reforms in Police.
Significant issues in Indian Administration: Values in public service; Regulatory Commissions; National Human Rights Commission; Problems of administration in coalition regimes; Citizen administration interface; Corruption and administration; Disaster management
How to Prepare for UPSC Public Administration Mains Syllabus 2023?
Public Administration is one of the popular optional subjects in the UPSC mains exam. Therefore, one should clear the concepts of all the exam-relevant syllabus as it will allow them to answer the questions correctly in the exam. With this, they must develop a robust UPSC Public Administration preparation strategy and books. Check the best tips and tricks shared below to cover the entire UPSC Public Administration mains syllabus.
Understand Syllabus:One should be well-acquainted with the UPSC Public Administration mains syllabus to cover all the syllabus and sub-topics important from an exam perspective.
Clear Concepts:The next tip is to learn the fundamentals of all the syllabus prescribed in the syllabus. It is crucial to master the concepts thoroughly to answer the questions correctly in the exam.
Previous Year Papers:Practice UPSC Public Administration's previous year's papers to understand the syllabus along with the question weightage asked in the exam.
Practice of Answer-writing: After covering at least 40% of the syllabus, one should commence answer-writing practice. This will help them to learn the way to manage their time effectively with speed and accuracy.
Solve Mock Tests:Candidates must practice full-length tests to analyze their performance and gauge their preparation level. Also, it will help them to discover their mistakes and allow them to focus more on their weak areas.
Booklist for UPSC Public Administration Mains Syllabus
A wide range of UPSC Public Administration books and resources are available online and in the local market that cover all the aspects of the UPSC Public Administration Mains Syllabus. Let’s look at the paper-wise books for the Public Administration optional subject shared below:
Public Policy: Concept, Theory, and Practice by Bidyut Chakrabarty and Prakash Chand
New Horizons of Public Administration by Mohit Bhattacharya
Administrative Thinkers by Prasad and Prasad
Public Administration-Laxmikant
IGNOU BA and MA Notes
Essentials of organizational behavior by Stephen Robbins
Public Administration And Public Affairs by Nicholas Henry
Tue, 18 Jul 2023 18:34:00 -0500entext/htmlhttps://www.jagranjosh.com/articles/upsc-public-administration-optional-syllabus-pdf-download-1689748104-1Trump Administration Political Appointees
Trump Town is a database of Trump administration political appointees, cabinet members and White House staffers. We created it by requesting staffing lists from individual agencies and the Office of Personnel Management. We then used those staff lists to request financial disclosure documents from the Office of Government Ethics and individual agencies. We parsed those financial disclosures to create a relational database that includes tables for organizations (former employers) and agencies, in addition to staffers. We also cross-referenced staffer names from our Represent lobbying database, and reviewed those names to verify that the people match.
The database contains 14 tables: five created by ProPublica, as well as nine tables from financial disclosure documents, scraped and cleaned into usable data. The tables are available in the get both as 14 individual CSVs with primary and foreign keys, and a single SQL dump file containing the 14 tables. Complete documentation is included in the get and contains important information about how to use the data accurately.
You may not redistribute the entire dataset or use the data to create an online version of the database.
ProPublica
Fri, 01 Sep 2023 16:14:00 -0500text/htmlhttps://www.propublica.org/datastore/dataset/trump-administration-political-appointeesSchool of Business Administration
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