Details
Price: Full Course $815 List/Non-member; $650 Member
Individual Modules $120 List/Non-members; $95 Member
CEU: 0.5
Length: 7 Modules Access available for one year
Certification of Completion: A Certificate of Completion indicating the total number of CEUs earned will be provided upon successful completion of the course.
Try First Module Free!
Description:
This is a self-paced, online course consisting of 7 modules which take a detailed look at an introduction to Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems. Participants will learn how remote sensing and actuation are combined with modern communication techniques to effectively monitor and control very large industrial processes, like oil fields, pipelines, and electrical power systems. This course will cover most major SCADA applications, SCADA system components and architecture.
You will be able to:
- Determine how SCADA developed from its source technologies and recognize the factors that make SCADA different from other process control systems
- Evaluate the principles of SCADA and explain how the basic building blocks are integrated to form a working system
- Visualize and evaluate the applications of SCADA
- Explain where SCADA may benefit the project and where not to apply SCADA
- Apply information and procedures for:
- Design and Specification of a SCADA system
- SCADA system integration
- SCADA system testing and commissioning
- SCADA system migrations
Modules Descriptions:
• Module 1: Introduction to SCADA (20 min)
This module introduces the basic concepts of SCADA and SCADA architecture. syllabus include process commands, data gathering requirements, control and monitoring technologies, and some widely used applications for SCADA.
• Module 2: SCADA Communications (25 min)
This module covers SCADA Communications including communication concepts and media, communication system standards and protocols, and network infrastructure.
• Module 3: Remote Terminal Units (RTU) (25 min)
This module builds on the foundations of concepts and communications and expands into the primary elements of SCADA systems. Characteristics of RTUs, communication modes, and RTU configuration are discussed.
• Module 4: Field Devices (30 min)
In this module you will learn about some of the Field Devices that RTUs communicate with in SCADA systems including Sensors and Actuators as well as other considerations.
• Module 5: Master Terminal Unit (45 min)
In this module you will learn about the Master Terminal Unit (MTU) and review concepts, communication, functions, scan periods, configuration and applications. By the conclusion of this module, you should have a solid understanding of MTU application including functions, hardware, configuration, and RTU and data scanning periods.
• Module 6: syllabus of SCADA Project Execution (20 min)
In this module you will learn about major syllabus for executing a SCADA project including conceptual design, system design, functional description, test plans, detail design, software development. A review of a few samples of phased project life cycles is also included.
• Module 7: sample SCADA Projects (20 min)
The last module is designed to provide you with experience in making decisions about SCADA system integrations using sample projects. You will apply what you have learned in some scenarios, label some diagrams, and take the course completion quiz
Purchase Options:
Module 1: Introduction to SCADA
Module 2: SCADA Communications
Module 3: Remote Terminal Units (RTU)
Module 5: Master Terminal Unit
Module 6: syllabus of SCADA Project Execution
Module 7: sample SCADA Projects
If you wish to register offline, download the Training Registration Form, complete, and return to ISA with your payment.
Not sure this particular course is for you?
A pre-instructional survey is available for you to evaluate your level of understanding of the course material and to show you the types of questions you'll be able to answer after completing the course.
Contact us at +1 919-549-8411 or info@isa.org to start your company on the path to well-trained employees.
Spring 2023 (1231) term - all classes in person, with the exception of PHIL/SDA 270 (Remote) and PHIL 329 (Remote)
Course units: 100, 200, and 300 levels: 3 units each; 400 level: 4 units each.
REPEATS: the following courses can be repeated for additional credit provided that the syllabu is different: PHIL 131, 302, 314, 321, 326, 331, 332, 333, 342, 343, 344, 346, 357, 421W, 435, 451W, 455W, 467W. Any of the other PHIL courses, when taken a second time, will be considered a repeat, even if the syllabu is different from a previous offering.
Elective grade policy : P/CR/NC. In place from Spring 2021 to Summer 2023. See List of exclusions for the elective grade policy. Specifically for Philosophy:
- Students can use a P or CR to satisfy any requirement for a major, joint major, honours, or minor in Philosophy (exception: PHIL 477 and 478).
- Students can use a P or CR to satisfy any prerequisite requirement for any PHIL course.
- Students can use a P (but not a CR) to satisfy any requirement for the Ethics Certificate, or the Philosophy and Methodology of Science Certificate.
- Philosophy Majors and Honours students can use a P (but not a CR) to satisfy any WQB requirement.
Philosophy Courses with Writing, Quantitative or Breadth designations:
| PHIL 100W (Knowledge and Reality) | W/B-Hum | |
| PHIL 105 (Critical Thinking) - formerly PHIL XX1 | Q/B-Soc/Sci | |
| PHIL 110 (Introduction to Logic and Reasoning) | Q | |
| PHIL 120W (Moral Problems) | W/B-Hum | |
| PHIL 121 (Global Justice) | B-Hum/Soc | |
| PHIL 131 (Selected Topics) | B-Hum | |
| PHIL 144 (Introduction to Philosophy of Science) | B-Hum/Sci | |
| PHIL 150 (Great Works in the History of Philosophy) | B-Hum | |
| PHIL 300 (Introduction to Philosophy) | B-Hum | |
| PHIL 310 (Logic, Proofs and Set Theory) | Q |
|
| PHIL 345W, 421W, 451W, 455W, 467W | W |
Upper Division Electives
If you are looking for upper division courses outside of Philosophy, click here for an updated list of electives with the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences.
Breadth Courses
If you are a Philosophy Major, you will also need Breadth courses from OUTSIDE of Philosophy. You can find a full list of Breadth designated courses here. Search gosfu for current offerings.
Risks in Vertical Integration
Established distribution channels may be adversely affected
Let's assume you manufacture handbags and your established sales have been through independently owned gift shops. You are considering vertically integrating by selling direct to consumers on your website. Your plans for going into online sales must take into account potential loss of sales through your present avenues of distribution. Will you lose already established sales to gift shops?
Unprofitable outcome
Your new operation may not live up to your earnings forecast. And too often an acquisition mistake cannot be made profitable by working harder. As Warren Buffett has said, "Should you find yourself in a chronically leaking boat, energy devoted to changing vessels is likely to be more productive than energy devoted to patching leaks."
Obsolescence due to new technologies
Vertical integration could potentially hurt a company when new technologies evolve quickly and become available. The company is then forced to reinvest in the new technologies in order to stay competitive.
Higher cost due to lower volume
If you go into manufacturing you may not achieve the economies of scale or efficiencies of competing independent suppliers who may gain economies of scale by selling to many other customers. For example, when an auto manufacturer owns its own tire manufacturing, its production of tires is most likely limited to the needs of the parent firm, whereas a stand-alone tire company can sell to numerous auto manufacturers.
Unforeseen labor issues
If a union firm vertically integrates with either a provider or a distributor that is non-union, it could face a greater risk of the acquired firm also becoming an unionized unit. Or if a non-union firm vertically integrates with a union provider or distributor, the chances of itself becoming unionized is increased.
In any case, where a parent company is vertically integrated with a union supplier, there could be a strong cost-reduction incentive to close down the provider and outsource the service. This, in fact, has been the trend in the airline industry where outsourcing maintenance to lower cost overseas shops has soared.
Loss of continuing focus on the originating business
Through specialization, some companies are so good at what they do they almost remove themselves from the competition. A vertical merger could upset the chemistry of a special operating focus.
If you are acquiring a commodity type product, not having lowest costs
If you acquire a commodity business, you will need to be assured that you will have the lowest cost among all competitors. Otherwise, you will be competing in a market where price is everything and you'll be "only as smart as your dumbest competitor."
Unsatisfactory return on invested capital
Remember that vertical integration is one of a number of investment possibilities. Any deployment of your retained earnings will require scrutiny as to the anticipated return of the money invested. Other options include:
- Buying a company at your own level in the supply-demand chain, such as Albertson's acquiring American Stores.
- Reinvest in your own business.
- Build up retained earnings by not spending and save for future acquisitions.
- Pay in dividends.
- Buy back stock and make your shareholders happy. (Their remaining shares will be more valuable.)
282772
Design of mechatronic elements and components to form a working system. Review of sensors for integration into a microcontroller- and/or PC-controlled, mechatronics system. Robotics, the use of simulation packages to effectively analyse mechatronics systems, future manufacturing technologies and how they may impact on the field of mechatronics. A practical, project based course.
Description
This course is divided into two parts in which students focus on core skills to help them thrive in electrical and computer engineering. The first half of the course focuses on application programming in Matlab where students learn basics of Programming, Digital Signal Processing, and Data Analysis. In the second part of the course students program a micro-controller and learn about the function of basic electronic components. Students learn to use basic test equipment such as an Oscilloscope, Function Generator, Volt Meter. This course is project and lab based.
Curricula Practical TrainingDescription
Curricula Practical Training. "Variable credit course, student chooses appropriate amount of credits when registering."
Circuit Theory I (Formerly 16.201)Description
This course covers ideal elements, active and passive. It introduces and applies Ohm's Law and Kirchoff's Laws. Introduces concepts of network topology, independent and dependent variables, mesh and nodal analysis, the definition and consequences of linearity, source transformation, the superposition principle, Thevenin's and Norton's theorems, and maximum power transfer. Also covers ideal inductance and capacitance in simple circuits with the study of transient response and behavior under DC conditions.
Prerequisites
Pre-req: MATH.1320 Calculus II, and Co-req: EECE.2070 Basic Electrical Engineering Lab I, and a 'C' or higher in MATH.1320.
Circuit Theory II (Formerly 16.202)Description
This course covers AC circuits under sinusoidal steady-state conditions using the concept of the frequency domain. Introduces the use of complex numbers, phasors, impedance and admittance for the application of circuit laws introduced in Circuit Theory I: Thevenin and Norton's theorems, source transformation, superposition, maximum power transfer, nodal and mesh analysis. Covers power in the frequency domain, including RMS values, average power, reactive power, and apparent power. Introduction to magnetic coupling, mutual inductance, and the ideal transformer. Introduction to transfer functions, poles and zeroes in the s-plane.
Prerequisites
Pre-Req: C- or better in EECE 2010 Circuit Theory I, or Spring 2020 grade of "P" and Co-Req: EECE 2080 Basic EE Lab II.
Basic Electrical Engineering Laboratory I (Formerly 16.207)Description
Experimental work designed to verify theory and to acquaint students with electrical measurement techniques: experiments on meters, bridges, and oscilloscopes. Experiments are correlated with Circuit Theory I and concern: resistive measurements, Kirchhoff's laws, network theorems, conservation of power and maximum power transfer, inductance and capacitance, and first and second-order transients, operational amplifiers. MATLAB will be utilized throughout the course.
Prerequisites
Co-Req: EECE.2010 Circuit Theory I.
Basic Electrical Engineering Lab II (Formerly 16.208)Description
Presents experimental work designed to emphasize electrical measurement techniques of linear systems with time-varying signals. Waveform measurements with DC and AC meters as well as advanced use of the oscilloscope are also discussed. Experiments are integrated with Circuit Theory II. Experiments cover: Kirchhoff's laws for phasors, magnitude and phase measurements of impedance, network theorems, frequency response, resonance, inductance, maximum power transfer, and MATLAB techniques.
Prerequisites
Pre-Req: EECE 2070 Basic EE Lab I; Co-Req: EECE 2020 Circuit Theory II.
Fundamentals of Electricity I (Formerly 16.211/213)Description
This course serves as an introduction to direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) analysis of electric circuits, with emphasis on energy and power. Covers the explanation of basic components (resistor, capacitor and inductor) and their use in electronics. Cover also the design and use of multi-range voltmeters, ammeters, and ohmmeters, series, parallel and series parallel circuits, the use of bridges, phasor analysis of AC circuits, transformers, relays, solenoids, etc. Different techniques like Superposition theorem, Thevenin equivalent circuit or Maximum Power will be presented. Students will also be introduced to DC and AC motors and generators, first and second order filters as well as basic sensors. Not for ECE students.
Prerequisites
Pre-Req: MATH 1320 Calculus II.
Fundamentals of Sound Recording (Formerly 16.214)Description
This course serves to instruct sound recording technology through the concepts of voltage, current, power, resistance and Ohm's law; series, parallel and resonant circuits, Kirchhoff's voltage and current laws; the Wheatstone bridge, Thevenin equivalent circuits and maximum power transfer theorem; magnetism, electromagnetism, electromagnetic devices, and transformers; a.c. current, RF signals, capacitors, and inductors; RC, RL, and RLC circuits; d.c. power sources; diodes, transistors, tubes (thermionic emission), and amplifiers. Use of voltmeters, ammeters, ohmmeters, and oscilloscopes are discussed and used in lab throughout the course. Not for ECE students.
Prerequisites
Sound Recording Technology majors; Pre-Req: MATH 1320 Calculus II.
ECE Application Programming (Formerly 16.216)Description
Introduces C programming for engineers. Covers fundamentals of procedural programming with applications in electrical and Computer engineering and embedded systems. syllabus include variables, expressions and statements, console input/output, modularization and functions, arrays, pointers and strings algorithms, structures, and file input/output. Introduces working with C at the bit manipulation level. Laboratories include designing and programming engineering applications.
History of Radio (Formerly 16.233)Description
Intended primarily for students majoring in the liberal arts. The course develops the theory of electricity from an historical perspective. Sufficient background in circuit theory, resonance, field theory and radio waves is given to provide an understanding of the principles of radio from its antecedents in the nineteenth century through the invention of the transistor in the mid twentieth century. The fundamental contributions of, for example Volta, Oersted, Morse, Maxwell, Faraday, Hertz, Lodge, and Marconi are considered. In the present century the technical advances of such figures as de Forest, Fleming, Fessenden, Armstrong and Shockley are studied. The growth, regulation and culture of American broadcasting are also central to the course. Laboratory work is required and students may use this course toward fulfilling the General Education (science/experimental component) requirement of the University. Not open to students in the College of Engineering.
Introduction to Data Communication NetworksDescription
This course is designed to convey the essentials of data communication and networking. This includes an understanding of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI), TCP/IP and Internet models. It covers various protocols and architectures of interconnection technologies. Several concepts will be discussed that will enable students to apply the basic concepts of data communication and networking technology in many practical situations.
Prerequisites
Pre-req: EECE.1070 Introduction to Electrical and Computer Engineering, and MATH.1310 Calculus I, and PHYS.1410 Physics I.
Logic Design (Formerly 16.265)Description
Number systems and binary codes. Boolean algebra. Canonical and fundamental forms of Boolean functions. Function expansion and its applications to digital circuit design. Minimization of Boolean functions by Boolean algebra and Karnaugh maps. Two-level and multi-level digital circuits. Decoder, encoders, multiplexers, and de-multiplexers. Latches and flip-flops. Registers and counters. Analysis and synthesis of synchronous sequential circuits. Design of more complex circuits: data-path and control circuits. Use of software tools to implement a design on modern hardware.
Prerequisites
Pre-req: MECH.1070 intro to Mechanical Eng, or COMP.1020 Computing II, or EECE.1070 Intro to Elec. & Comp. Engin, or EECE.2160 ECE Application Programming.
Electronics I Lab (Formerly 16.311)Description
Laboratory experiments coordinated with the subject matter of Electronics I. This lab explores the characteristics and use of electronic instrumentation for making measurements on electronic circuits. Labs will utilize the methods of designing and characterizing diode and transistor circuits. They will analyze the performance characteristics of digital and linear semiconductor circuits, including logic elements and amplifiers. The design and construction of circuits using monolithic op amps will also be explored.
Prerequisites
Pre-req: EECE.2080 Basic EE Lab II, and Co-req: EECE.3650 Electronics I.
Electronics II Laboratory (Formerly 16.312)Description
This course covers laboratory experiments coordinated with the subject matter of Electronics II, Study of high-frequency characteristics of transistors and transistor amplifiers. Covers feedback in electronic circuits, electronic oscillators and differential amplifier. Covers also the properties of linear IC operational amplifiers and their application in amplifier circuits and waveform generation circuits. Design and analysis of linear circuits.
Prerequisites
Pre-req: EECE.3110 Electronics I Lab, and Co-req: EECE.3660 Electronics II.
Microprocessors Systems Design I (Formerly 16.317)Description
Introduction to microprocessors, Uses assembly language to develop a foundation on the hardware which executes a program. Memory and I/O interface design and programming. Design and operation of computer systems. Study of microprocessor and its basic support components, including detailed schematics, timing and functional analysis of their interactions. Laboratories directly related to microprocessor functions and its interfaces (e.g. memory subsystem, I/O devices and coprocessors).
Prerequisites
Pre-req: EECE.2160 ECE Application Programming, and EECE 2650 Logic Design.
Data Structures (Formerly 16.322)Description
Covers algorithms and their performance analysis, data structures, abstraction, and encapsulation. Introduces stacks, queues, linked lists, trees, heaps, priority queues, and hash tables, and their physical representation. Discusses efficient sorting (quicksort and heapsort) and experimental algorithm analysis. Examines several design issues, including selection of data structures based on operations to be optimized, algorithm encapsulation using classes and templates, and how and when to use recursion. Assignments include programming of data structures in an object-oriented language.
Prerequisites
Pre-Req: EECE.2160 ECE Application Programming
Electromechanics (Formerly 16.355)Description
Alternating current circuits, three phase circuits, basics of electromagnetic field theory, magnetic circuits, inductance, electromechanical energy conversion. Ideal transformer, iron-core transformer, voltage regulation, efficiency equivalent circuits, and three phase transformers. Induction machine construction, equivalent circuit, torque speed characteristics, and single phase motors. Synchronous machine construction, equivalent circuits, power relationships phasor diagrams, and synchronous motors. Direct current machines construction, types, efficiency, power flow diagram, and external characteristics.
Prerequisites
Pre-Req: EECE.2020 Circuit Theory II.
Engineering Electromagnetics I (Formerly 16.360)Description
Electromagnetics I is the study of fundamental electrostatic and magnetostatic equations building up to the foundation of electrodynamics, Maxwell's Equations. This course is put into an engineering perspective by describing transmission line properties using circuit models and deriving these model parameters directly from Maxwell's Equations. To accomplish these tasks, Engineering Electromagnetics I implements: Transmission lines as Distributed Circuits, Smith Charts, impedance Matching, Electrostatics and Capacitance, steady current flow and Resistance, and Magnetostatics and Inductance.
Prerequisites
Pre-Req: EECE 2020 Circuit Theory II and PHYS 1440 Physics II.
Signals and Systems I (Formerly 16.362)Description
This course covers various continuous voltage/current time functions and their applications to linear time-invariant (LTI) electrical systems. It reviews pertinent syllabus from previous courses on circuit theory, such as system functions, S-plane concepts and complete responses. It introduces step and impulse functions and their responses in LTI circuits. It covers the solving of convolution integrals and differential equations, the transformation of signals to Fourier series, the Fourier and Laplace transforms, with their application, in continuous and discrete time, and Parseval's theorem. It also describes analog filter responses and design. A computing project is proposed in this course.
Prerequisites
Pre-Req: EECE 2020 Circuit Theory II and MATH 2360 Eng Differential Equations or MATH.2340 Differential Equations.
Introduction to Probability and Random Processes (Formerly 16.363)Description
Introduction to probability, random processes and basic statistical methods to address the random nature of signals and systems that engineers analyze, characterize and apply in their designs. It includes discrete and continuous random variables, their probability distributions and analytical and statistical methods for determining the mean, variance and higher order moments that characterize the random variable. Descriptive and inferential statistics, as well as time-varying random processes and their spectral analysis are introduced. The course provides the skills required to address modeling uncertainty in manufacturing and reliability analysis, noise characterization, and data analysis.
Prerequisites
Pre-Req: EECE.2020 Circuit Theory II.
Engineering Mathematics (Formerly 16.364)Description
Complex number, Argand plane, derivatives of complex numbers, limits and continuity, derivative and Cauchy Riemann conditions, analytic functions, integration in the complex plane, Cauchy's integral formula, infinite series for complex variables. Taylor series, Laurent series, residue theory, evaluation of integrals around indented contours. Linear vector spaces, matrices and determinants, eigenvalues and eigenvectors.
Prerequisites
Pre-Req: MATH 2360 Eng Differential Equations or MATH.2340 Differential Equations.
Electronics I (Formerly 16.365)Description
A brief introduction to solid-state physics, leading to discussion of physical characteristics of p-n junction diodes, bipolar junction transistors, and field-effect transistors: active, saturated, and cutoff models of bipolar transistors and triode, constant current, and cutoff models of MOSFETs. Circuit models for diodes, and diode applications. Circuit models for transistors, and transistor applications in bipolar and MOS digital circuits and low-frequency amplifier circuits. Analysis of digital circuits and linear circuits based on application of circuit models of devices and circuit theory.
Prerequisites
Pre-req: EECE 2020 Circuit Theory ll, and PHYS 1440 Physics ll, and Co-req: EECE 3110 Electronics l Lab.
Electronics II (Formerly 16.366)Description
A continuation of 16.365 with discussion of differential amplifiers, operation amplifiers and op amp applications, transistor amplifiers at very high frequencies; direct-coupled and band pass amplifiers; small and large signal amplifiers; feedback amplifiers and oscillators. Active filters, wave form generation circuits including Schmitt trigger, multiplexers, and A/D and D/A converters. Circuit design employing integrated circuit operational amplifiers and discrete devices. Circuit analysis using SPICE. An electronic design project constitutes a major part of the course.
Prerequisites
Pre-Req: C- or better in EECE 3650 Electronics I,or Spring 2020 grade of "P", Co-Req: EECE 3120 Electronics Lab II.
Capstone Proposal (Formerly 16.399)Description
This course is the first in a two semester capstone sequence. In a group, students will work with a client to define their project, by identifying the problem, objective and requirements, and engage in design, analysis, test and fabrication tasks as appropriate to meet the project goals. Project management tools are discussed and applied in this process.
Prerequisites
Pre-Reqs: EECE 3110 Electronics I Lab, and EECE 3170 Microprocessor Sys Desgn I, and EECE 3650 Electronics I.
Microwave Engineering (Formerly 16.403)Description
An introductory course in the analysis and design of passive microwave circuits beginning with a review of time-varying electromagnetic field concepts and transmission lines. Smith Chart problems; single and double stub matching; impedance transformer design; maximally flat and Chebyshev transformers; microstrip transmission lines, slot lines, coplanar lines; rectangular and circular waveguides; waveguide windows and their use in impedance matching; design of directional couplers; features of weak and strong couplings; microwave filter design; characteristics of low-pass, high-pass, band-pass, band-stop filter designs; two-port network representation of junctions; Z and Y parameters, ABCD parameters, scattering matrix; microwave measurements; measurement of VSWR, complex impedance, dielectric constant, attenuation, and power. A design project constitutes a major part of the course.
Prerequisites
Pre-Req: EECE.4610 Emag Theory II.
VLSI Fabrication (Formerly 16.470/EECE.4700)Description
Fabrication of resistors, capacitors, p-n junction and Schottky barrier diodes, BJT's and MOS devices and integrated circuits. syllabus include: silicon structure, wafer preparation, sequential techniques in microelectronic processing, testing and packaging, yield and clean room environments. MOS structures, crystal defects, Fick's laws of diffusion; oxidation of silicon, photolithography including photoresist, development and stripping. Metallization for conductors, Ion implantation for depletion mode and CMOS transistors for better yield speed, low power dissipation and reliability. Students will fabricate circuits using the DSIPL Laboratory.
Prerequisites
Pre-Req: EECE.3650 Electronics I.
Antenna Theory and Design (Formerly 16.462/EECE.4620)Description
An introduction to properties of individual antennas and arrays of antennas. Retarded potentials, dipoles of arbitrary length, radiation pattern, gain, directivity, radiation resistance. The loop antenna. Effects of the earth. Reciprocity, receiving antennas, effective length and area. Moment methods. Arrays: collinear, broadside, endfire. Array synthesis. Mutual coupling. Log-periodic and Yagi arrays. Radiation from apertures: the waveguide horn antenna, parabolic dish. Antenna noise temperature. Numerical software packages. A design project is required in the course.
Prerequisites
Pre-Req: EECE.4610 Emag Theory II.
Directed Studies (Formerly 16.409)Description
Provides an opportunity for qualified Electrical Engineering students to investigate specific areas of interest. The real project undertaken may be software or hardware oriented. The most important characteristics of the projects are that the end results represent independent study, that they are research and development oriented, and that they are accomplished in an engineering environment. Design reviews and progress reports are expected for each project. A final formal report to be permanently filed in the EE Department is required for each project. Engineering Design (100%).
Prerequisites
Pre-Reqs: EECE 3550 Electromechanics,EECE 3600 Emag Theory I, EECE 3620 Signals & Systems I, EECE 3650 Electronics I,and EECE 3660 Electronics II.
Directed Studies (Formerly 16.410)Description
The purpose of this course is to provide an opportunity for qualified Electrical Engineering students to investigate specific areas of interest. The real project undertaken may be software or hardware oriented. The most important characteristics of the projects are that the end results represent independent study and that they are research and development oriented, and that they are accomplished in an engineering environment. Design reviews and progress reports are expected for each project. A final formal report to be permanently filed in the EE Department is required for each project.
Prerequisites
Pre-Reqs: EECE 3550 Electromechanics,EECE 3600 Emag Theory I,EECE 3620 Signals & Systems I,EECE 3650 Electronics I, and EECE 3660 Electronics II.
Directed Studies (Formerly 16.412)Description
The purpose of this course is to provide an opportunity for qualified Electrical Engineering students to investigate specific areas of interest. The real project undertaken may be software or hardware oriented. The most important characteristics of the projects are that the end results represent independent study and that they are research and development oriented, and that they are accomplished in an engineering environment. Design reviews and progress reports are expected for each project. A final formal report to be permanently filed in the EE Department is required for each project.
Prerequisites
Pre-Reqs: EECE 3550 Electromechanics,EECE 3600 Emag Theory I, EECE 3620 Signals & Systems I, EECE 3650 Electronics I,and EECE 3660 Electronics II.
Linear Feedback System (Formerly 16.413)Description
Concepts of feedback; open loop and closed loop systems. Feedback in electrical and mechanical systems. Mathematical models of systems and linear approximations. Transfer functions of linear systems, block diagrams and signal flow graphs. Sensitivity, control of transient response, disturbance signals. Time domain performance: steady state errors, performance indices. Stability related to s-plane location of the roots of the characteristic equation. Routh-Hurwitz criterion. Graphical analysis techniques: root locus, frequency response as polar plot and Bode diagrams. Closed loop frequency response. A control system design project is included in the course.
Prerequisites
Pre-Req: EECE 3620 Signals & Systems I and EECE 3640 Engineering Math.
Integrated Power Systems (Formerly 16.414/514)Description
Power System Operations and Electricity Markets provide a comprehensive overview to understand and meet the challenges of the new competitive highly deregulated power industry. The course presents new methods for power systems operations in a unified integrated framework combining the business and technical aspects of the restructured power industry. An outlook on power policy models, regulation, reliability, and economics is attentively reviewed. The course lay the groundwork for the coming era of unbundling, open access,, power marketing, self-generation, and regional transmission operations.
Prerequisites
Pre-Req: EECE.2020 Circuit Theory II.
Power Electronics (Formerly 16.473/515 & EECE.4730/5150)Description
A one-semester course with emphasis on the engineering design and performance analysis of power electronics converters. syllabus include: power electronics devices (power MOSFETs, power transistors, diodes, silicon controlled rectifiers SCRs, TRIACs, DIACs and Power Darlington Transistors), rectifiers, inverters, ac voltage controllers, dc choppers, cycloconverters, and power supplies. The course includes a project, which requires that the student design and build one of the power electronics converters. A demonstrative laboratory to expose the students to all kinds of projects is part of the course.
Prerequisites
Pre-Reqs: EECE 3550 Electromechanics and EECE 3660 Electronics II, or Permission of Instructor.
Wireless Communication (Formerly 16.418)Description
Cellular systems and design principles, co-channel and adjacent channel interference, mobile radio propagation and determination of large scale path loss, propagation mechanisms like reflection, diffraction and scattering, outdoor propagation models, Okumura and Hata models, small scale fading and multipath, Doppler shift and effects, statistical models for multipath, digital modulation techniques QPSK, DPSK, GMSK, multiple access techniques, TDMA, FDMA, CDMA, spread spectrum techniques, frequency hopped systems, wireless systems and worldwide standards.
Prerequisites
Pre-req: EECE.3630 Introduction to Probability and Random Process.
Real Time Digital Signal Processing (Formerly 16.421)Description
This course provides an introduction to real-time digital signal processing techniques using floating point and fixed point processors. The architecture, instruction set and software development tools for these processors will be studied via a series of C and assembly language computer projects where real-time adaptive filters, modems, digital control systems and speech recognition systems are implemented.
Prerequisites
Pre-req: EECE.3620 Signals and Systems I.
Semiconductor Physics for Solid-State Electronics (Formerly 16.423)Description
The course covers fundamental solid-state and semiconductor physics relevant for understanding electronic devices. syllabus include quantum mechanics of electrons in solids, crystalline structures, ban theory of semiconductors, electron statistics and dynamics in energy bands, lattice dynamics and phonons, carrier transport, and optical processes in semiconductors.
Prerequisites
Pre-req: EECE.3650 Electronics I, and EECE.3640 Engineering Mathematics, and EECE.3600 Engineering Electromagnetics I, or permission of instructor.
Computational Methods for Power System Analysis (Formerly 16.424/524)Description
The course explores some of the mathematical and simulation tools used for the design, analysis and operation of electric power systems. Computational methods based on linear and nonlinear optimization algorithms are used to solve load flow problems, to analyze and characterize system faults and contingencies, and to complete economic dispatch of electric power systems. Real case studies and theoretical projects are assigned to implement the techniques learned and to propose recommendations. Different software applications will be used concurrently including ATP, PowerWorld Simulator, Aspen, MatLab with Simulink and Power System Toolbox, PSCAD, etc.
Prerequisites
Pre-Req: EECE.2020 Circuit Theory II.
Power Distribution System (Formerly 16.4440/EECE.4440)Description
An intermediate course in analysis and operation of electrical power distribution systems using applied calculus and matrix algebra. syllabus include electrical loads characteristics, modeling , metering, customer billing, voltage regulation, voltage levels, and power factor correction. The design and operation of the power distribution system components will be introduced: distribution transformers, distribution substation, distribution networks, and distribution equipment.
Prerequisites
Pre-req: EECE.2020 Circuit Theory II, and EECE.2080 Basic EE Lab II.
Power Systems Stability and Control (Formerly 16.426/526)Description
Stability definition and cases in power systems. System model for machine angle stability. Small signal and transient stability. Voltage stability phenomenon, its characterization. Small and large signal models for voltage stability analysis. Frequency stability and control. Compensation methods for system voltage regulation including classical and modem methods. Stability of multi-machine system.
Prerequisites
Pre-Req: EECE.2020 Circuit Theory II.
Advanced VLSI Design Techniques (Formerly 16.427/527)Description
This course builds on the previous experience with Cadence design tools and covers advanced VLSI design techniques for low power circuits. syllabus covered include aspects of the design of low voltage and low power circuits including process technology, device modeling, CMOS circuit design, memory circuits and subsystem design. This will be a research-oriented course based on team projects.
Prerequisites
Pre-req: EECE.4690 VLSI Design, or EECE.5690 VLSI Design, or Permission of Instructor.
Alternative Energy Sources (Formerly 16.428)Description
PV conversion, cell efficiency, cell response, systems and applications. Wind Energy conversion systems: Wind and its characteristics; aerodynamic theory of windmills; wind turbines and generators; wind farms; siting of windmills. Other alternative energy sources: Tidal energy, wave energy, ocean thermal energy conversion, geothermal energy, solar thermal power, satellite power, biofuels. Energy storage: Batteries, fuel cells, hydro pump storage, flywheels, compressed air.
Electric Vehicle Technology (Formerly 16.429)Description
Electric vehicle VS internal combustion engine vehicle. Electric vehicle (EV) saves the environment. EV design, EV motors, EV batteries, EV battery chargers and charging algorithms, EV instrumentation and EV wiring diagram. Hybrid electric vehicles. Fuel cells. Fuel cell electric vehicles. The course includes independent work.
Introduction to Medical Image ReconstructionDescription
This course provides both traditional and state-of-the-art tomographic reconstruction algorithms in a unified way. It includes analytic reconstruction, iterative reconstruction, and deep reconstruction based on the state-of-the-art deep learning techniques. This course provides fundamental knowledge for careers in medical image reconstruction.
Prerequisites
Pre-req: EECE.3620 Signals and Systems I.
RF Design (Formerly 16.431)Description
Two-port network parameters, Smith chart applications for impedance matching, transmission line structures like stripline, microstrip line and coaxial line, filter designs for low-pass, high-pass and band-pass characteristics, amplifier design based on s-parameters, bias network designs, one port and two port oscillator circuits, noise in RF systems.
Prerequisites
Pre-Req: EECE.3600 Emag Theory I.
Electronic Materials (Formerly 16.333/EECE.3330)Description
The production and processing of materials into finished products constitute a large part of the present economy. To prepare students for the use of a variety of traditional and new materials, this course will cover: atomic structure and chemical bonding, crystal geometry and defects, mechanical properties and phase diagrams of metals and alloys, electrical and optical properties of semiconductors, ceramics, and polymers; brief description of electronic, quantum electronic and photonic devices; benefits and difficulties of materials design with decreasing dimensions from millimeters to micrometers and to nanometers.
Prerequisites
Pre-req: MATH.1320 Calculus II and PHYS.1440 Physics II.
Introduction to Biosensors (Formerly 16.441/541)Description
This course introduces the theory and design of biosensors and their applications for pathology, pharmacogenetics, public health, food safety civil defense, and environmental monitoring. Optical, electrochemical and mechanical sensing techniques will be discussed.
Analog Devices and Techniques (Formerly 16.445/565 & EECE.4450/5650)Description
A survey of analog devices and techniques, concentrating on operational amplifier design and applications. Operational amplifier design is studied to reveal the limitations of real opamps, and to develop a basis for interpreting their specifications. Representative applications are covered, including: simple amplifiers, differential and instrumentation amplifiers, summers, integrators, active filters, nonlinear circuits, and waveform generation circuits. A design project is required.
Prerequisites
Pre-Req: EECE.3660 Electronics II.
Advanced Digital System Hardware Design (Formerly 16.450)Description
Design of logic machines. Finite state machines, gate array designs, ALU and 4 bit CPU unit designs, micro-programmed systems. Hardware design of advanced digital circuits using XILINX. Application of probability and statistics for hardware performance, and upgrading hardware systems. Laboratories incorporate specification, top-down design, modeling, implementation and testing of real advanced digital design systems hardware. Laboratories also include simulation of circuits using VHDL before real hardware implementation and PLDs programming.
Prerequisites
Pre-req: EECE.2650 Logic Design, and EECE.3650 Electronics I, and EECE.3110 Electronics I Lab, and EECE.3170 Microprocessor Systems Design I, or permission of Instructor.
Heterogeneous ComputingDescription
This course introduces heterogeneous computing architecture and the design and optimization of applications that best utilize the resources on such platforms. The course syllabus include heterogeneous computer architecture, offloading architecture/API, platform, memory and execution models, GPU/FPGA acceleration, OpenCL programming framework, Data Parallel C++ programming framework, performance analysis and optimization. Labs are included to practice design methodology and development tools.
Prerequisites
Pre-req: EECE.3170 Microprocessors Systems Design I, or EECE.4821 Computer Architecture and Design, or Permission of Instructor.
Microprocessor Systems II & Embedded Systems (Formerly 16.480/EECE.4800)Description
CPU architecture, memory interfaces and management, coprocessor interfaces, bus concepts, bus arbitration techniques, serial I/O devices, DMA, interrupt control devices. Including Design, construction, and testing of dedicated microprocessor systems (static and real-time). Hardware limitations of the single-chip system. Includes micro-controllers, programming for small systems, interfacing, communications, validating hardware and software, microprogramming of controller chips, design methods and testing of embedded systems.
Prerequisites
Pre-Reqs: EECE 3110 Electronics I Lab, and EECE 3170 Microprocessor Sys Desgn I, and EECE 3650 Electronics I.
Software Engineering (Formerly 16.453)Description
Introduces software life cycle models, and engineering methods for software design and development. Design and implementation, testing, and maintenance of large software packages in a dynamic environment, and systematic approach to software design with emphasis on portability and ease of modification. Laboratories include a project where some of the software engineering methods (from modeling to testing) are applied in an engineering example.
Prerequisites
Pre-Req: EECE 2160 ECE Application Programming and EECE 3220 Data Structures. or Permission of Instructor.
Computer System SecurityDescription
An introduction to computer system security. This course introduces the threats and vulnerabilities in computer systems. This course covers the elementary cryptography, program security, security in operating system, database security, network, web, and e-commerce. It also covers some aspects of hardware security, legal, ethical and privacy issues in computer system security.
Prerequisites
Pre-req: EECE.3220 Data Structures.
Fundamentals of RoboticsDescription
The material in this course is a combination of essential topics, techniques, algorithms, and tools that will be used in future robotics courses. Fundamental syllabus relevant to robots (linear algebra, numerical methods, programming) will be reinforced throughout the course using introductions to other robotics syllabus that are each worthy of a full semester of study (dynamics, kinematics, controls, planning, sensing). Students will program real robots to further refine their skills and experience the material fully.
Prerequisites
Pre-Req: COMP.1010 Computing 1 or EECE.2160 ECE Computing Application.
Fundamentals of the Internet of ThingsDescription
Explores the foundations and technologies involved in Internet of Things (IoT) from an industry perspective. syllabus include Machine to Machine (M2M) communication and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and their relationship with IoT as well as their evolution. This involves all three main elements: (1) devices, (2) communications/networks and (3) analytics/applications. Specifically, it introduces technologies and interfaces associated with sensing and actuation of embedded devices and presents the fundamentals of IoT analytics including machine learning and rule-based AI. The bulk of the content presented in the course is focused on the industry-led standardization of IoT communication and networking mechanisms.
Prerequisites
Pre-req: EECE.3170 Microprocessors Systems Design I, or Permission of Instructor.
Introduction to Nanoelectronics (Formerly 16.459/559)Description
This course introduces the use of nanomaterials for electronic devices such as sensors and transistors. Synthesis methods for nanoparticles, nanotubes, nanowires, and 2-D materials such as graphene will be covered. The challenges in incorporating nanomaterials into devices will also be discussed. These methods will be compared to techniques used in the semiconductor industry and what challenges, technically and financially, exist for their widespread adoption will be addressed. Finally, examples of devices that use nanomaterials will be reviewed. The course will have some hands on demonstrations.
Biomedical Instrumentation (Formerly 16.460/560)Description
A survey of biomedical instrumentation that leads to the analysis of various medical system designs and the related factors involved in medical device innovation. In addition to the technical aspects of system integration of biosensors and physiological transducers there will be coverage of a biodesign innovation process that can translate clinical needs into designs. A significant course component will be project-based prototyping of mobile heath applications. The overall goals of the course are to provide the theoretical background as well as specific requirements for medical device development along with some practical project experience that would thereby enable students to design electrical and computer based medical systems.
Prerequisites
Pre-req: ECE senior/grad or BMEBT student
Engineering Electromagnetics II (Formerly 16.461)Description
Continuation of Magnetostatics, Maxwell's Equations for Time-varying Fields, plane waves: time-harmonic fields, polarization, current flow in good conductors and skin effect, power density and Poynting vector, wave reflection and transmission; Snell's Law, fiber optics, Brewster angle, radiation and simple antennas, electromagnetic concepts involved in a topical technology in development.
Prerequisites
Pre-Req: EECE.3600 Emag Theory I.
Special syllabus (Formerly 16.467)Description
Topics of current interest in Electrical and Computer Engineering. Subject matter to be announced in advance.
Electro-optics & Integrated Optics (Formerly 16.468)Description
An introduction to physical optics, electro-optics and integrated optics. syllabus include: Waves and polarization, optical resonators, optical waveguides, coupling between waveguides, electro-optical properties of crystals, electro-optic modulators, Micro-Optical-Electro-Mechanical (MEMS) Devices and photonic and microwave wireless systems.
Prerequisites
Pre-Req: EECE.3600 Emag Theory I.
VLSI Design (Formerly 16.469/502 & EECE.4690/5020)Description
Introduction to CMOS circuits including transmission gate, inverter, NAND, NOR gates, MUXEs, latches and registers. MOS transistor theory including threshold voltage and design equations. CMOS inverter's DC and AC characteristics along with noise margins. Circuit characterization and performance estimation including resistance, capacitance, routing capacitance, multiple conductor capacitance, distributed RC capacitance, multiple conductor capacitance, distributed RC capacitance, switching characteristics incorporating analytic delay models, transistor sizing and power dissipation. CMOS circuit and logic design including fan-in, fan-out, gate delays, logic gate layout incorporating standard cell design, gate array layout, and single as well as two-phase clocking. CMOS test methodologies including stuck-at-0, stuck-at-1, fault models, fault coverage, ATPG, fault grading and simulation including scan-based and self test techniques with signature analysis. A project of modest complexity would be designed to be fabricated at MOSIS.
Embedded Real Time Systems (Formerly 16.472)Description
Designing embedded real-time computer systems. Types of real-time systems, including foreground/background, non-preemptive multitasking, and priority-based pre-emptive multitasking systems. Soft vs. hard real time systems. Task scheduling algorithms and deterministic behavior. Ask synchronization: semaphores, mailboxes and message queues. Robust memory management schemes. Application and design of a real-time kernel. A project is required.
Prerequisites
Pre-Reqs: EECE.2160 ECE Application Programming,EECE.3170 Microprocessor Sys Desgn I, EECE.3220 Data Structures.
Principles Of Solid State Devices (Formerly 16.474/EECE.4740)Description
This course introduces the operating principles of Solid State Devices. Basic semiconductor science is covered including crystalline properties, quantum mechanics principles, energy bands and the behavior of atoms and electrons in solids. The transport of electrons and holes (drift and diffusion) and the concepts of carrier lifetime and mobility are covered. The course describes the physics of operation of several semiconductor devices including p-n junction diodes (forward/reverse bias, avalanche breakdown), MOSFETs (including the calculation of MOSFET threshold voltages), Bipolar transistor operation, and optoelectronic devices (LEDs, lasers, photodiodes).
Prerequisites
Pre-Req: EECE.3650 Electronics I.
Operating Systems (Formerly 16.481/EECE.4810)Description
Covers the components, design, implementation, and internal operations of computer operating systems. syllabus include basic structure of operating systems, Kernel, user interface, I/O device management, device drivers, process environment, concurrent processes and synchronization, inter-process communication, process scheduling, memory management, deadlock management and resolution, and file system structures. laboratories include examples of components design of a real operating systems.
Prerequisites
Pre-req: EECE.2160 ECE Application Programming, and EECE.3170 Microprocessor System Design I, and EECE.3220 Data Structures, or Permission of Instructor.
Computer Architecture and Design (Formerly 16.482/EECE.4820)Description
Structure of computers, past and present: first, second, third and fourth generation. Combinatorial and sequential circuits. Programmable logic arrays. Processor design: information formats, instruction formats, arithmetic operations and parallel processing. Hardwired and microprogrammed control units. Virtual, sequential and cache memories. Input-output systems, communication and bus control. Multiple CPU systems.
Prerequisites
Pre-Reqs: EECE 3170 Microprocessor Sys Desgn I,EECE 2650 Intro Logic Design.
Network Design: Principles, Protocols & Applications (Formerly 16.483)Description
Covers design and implementation of network software that transforms raw hardware into a richly functional communication system. Real networks (such as the Internet, ATM, Ethernet, Token Ring) will be used as examples. Presents the different harmonizing functions needed for the interconnection of many heterogeneous computer networks. Internet protocols, such as UDP, TCP, IP, ARP, BGP and IGMP, are used as examples to demonstrate how internetworking is realized. Applications such as electronic mail and the WWW are studied.
Prerequisites
Pre-req: EECE.3220 Data Structures.
Computer Vision and Digital Image Processing (Formerly 16.484/EECE.4840)Description
Introduces the principles and the fundamental techniques for Image Processing and Computer Vision. syllabus include programming aspects of vision, image formation and representation, multi-scale analysis, boundary detection, texture analysis, shape from shading, object modeling, stereo-vision, motion and optical flow, shape description and objects recognition (classification), and hardware design of video cards. AI techniques for Computer Vision are also covered. Laboratories include real applications from industry and the latest research areas.
Prerequisites
Pre-req; EECE 2160 ECE Application Programming, and EECE 3620 Signals and Systems or Permission of Instructor.
Fundamentals of Network and Cyber SecurityDescription
This course will cover two categories of topics: One part is the fundamental principles of cryptography and its applications to cyber & network security in general. This part focuses on cryptography algorithms and the fundamental cyber & network security enabling mechanisms. syllabus include cyber-attack analysis and classifications, public key cryptography (RSA, Diffie-Hellman), secret key cryptography (DES, IDEA), Hash (MD2, MD5, SHA-1) algorithms, key distribution and management, security handshake pitfalls and authentications, and well-known cyber & network security protocols such as Kerberos, IPSec, SSL/SET, PGP & PKI, WEP, etc. The second part surveys unique challenges and the general security & Privacy solutions for the emerging data/communication/information/computing networks (e.g., Ad Hoc & sensor network, IoTs, cloud and edge computing, big data, social networks, cyber-physical systems, critical infrastructures such as smart grids and smart transportation systems, etc.).
Prerequisites
Pre-req: EECE.2460 Intro to Data Communication Networks, or EECE.4830 Network Design: Principles, Protocols and Applications, or Permission of Instructor.
Fiber Optic Communication (Formerly 16.490)Description
Optical fiber; waveguide modes, multimode vs single mode; bandwidth and data rates; fiber losses; splices, couplers, connectors, taps and gratings; optical transmitters; optical receivers; high speed optoelectronic devices; optical link design; broadband switching; single wavelength systems (FDDI, SONET, ATM); coherent transmission; wavelength division multiplexing and CDMA; fiber amplifiers.
Prerequisites
Pre-Reqs: EECE 3600 Emag Theory I, EECE 3620 Signals & Systems I or Instructor permission.
Capstone Project (Formerly 16.499)Description
The objective of this course is to execute the project defined in Capstone Proposal. The design of the project will be completed, prototyped, tested, refined, constructed and delivered to the client. Practical experience will be gained in solving engineering problems, designing a system to meet technical requirements, using modern design elements and following accepted engineering practices. Students will work in a team environment and deliver the completed system to the project client. Proper documentation of activities is required.
Prerequisites
Pre-Req: EECE.3991 Capstone Proposal.
Number of new participants in integration courses in Germany 2006-2021
Participants in integration courses in Germany 2020, by federal state
Integration course participants in Germany in 2021, by course type
Integration course participants in Germany in 2021, by country of origin
Integration course withdrawals in Germany 2021, by course type
Integration course withdrawals in Germany 2021, by country of origin
Participants in language tests for immigrants in Germany 2012-2021, by result
Participants in "Life in Germany" test 2009-2020, by result
National and migrant population in Germany 2019, by school education
Migrant integration in German schools 2021 by federal state
National and migrant population in Germany 2019, by higher education degree
Unemployment rate of foreigners in Germany 2008-2022
At-risk-of-poverty rate in Germany 2021, by migrant background and citizenship
At-risk-of-poverty rate among senior citizens in Germany 2009-2019, by migrant status
Annette Treibel | Foto (Ausschnitt): © Campus-Verlag
The sociologist Annette Treibel, author of the book “Integriert Euch!” (i.e. Integrate Yourselves!), believes that Germans and immigrants are equally responsible for ensuring that they live together in harmony.
In light of the many refugees coming to Germany, people here are once again engaged in a controversial discussion about whether we live in an immigration country. How do you view this debate?
Many people see the USA, Canada and Australia as being immigration countries but feel that Germany is different. As a sociologist, I like to say that Germany is a new kind of immigration country: in terms of the way it perceives itself, it is still on the way to becoming an immigration country. One hears talk of people “coming to Germany”, though this suggests that they will leave again sooner or later. This is hardly the case, however, and for decades German politicians have been creating legal and political immigration instruments that have a very real function in everyday life. In other words, the political elite has passed laws designed to facilitate immigration, yet to this day it fails to make any public and self-confident assertion of the fact that Germany is an immigration country.
Why is there such a lack of self-confidence in Germany when it comes to this issue?
In our media society, it is above all spectacular and negative news that is of most interest. Good news is boring. Having said that, a few more boring reports about successful cases of integration would have helped to increase our self-confidence as an immigration country. In scientific terms, there has long been a “migrant middle class” in Germany: the descendants of the “guest workers” have climbed the social ladder. There has been less reporting of such successful developments than of more problematic trends. The academic world, on the other hand, has taken it for granted for the past 30 years that Germany already is an immigration country.
“Fast-tracking the debate”
If Germany is already an immigration country, how could it increase its self-confidence about this status?As a result of the many refugees from Syria and Iraq, the debate about immigration in Germany has become fast-tracked. At last a great deal of discussion is taking place, which I see as an opportunity to talk with broader public reach about cases of successful integration and immigration. For some time now, Germany has ranked as the second most attractive destination for immigrants after the USA. This has mainly to do with developments in recent years – for example, pressure from certain economic sectors such as the catering industry and geriatric care has resulted in legal exemptions being granted when it comes to work permits. This makes it easier for foreign workers to come to Germany.
“Integrate Yourselves!” – Who is this appeal – the title of your book – aimed at?
My key proposition is that we live in an immigration country and that integration is a project that concerns everyone. I make a distinction between “old” Germans – those who have been Germans in Germany for many generations – and “new” Germans. The latter include people who have immigrated to Germany and may or may not have been naturalized, as well as those from immigrant families who were born and raised here. In many cases, they no longer have any connection with the original culture of their parents or grandparents. I would urge people finally to stop addressing these “new” Germans as foreigners but rather as natives. By the third generation, they can no longer be automatically assumed to have expert knowledge of the societies from which their grandparents originated. This is what I mean when I advise everyone to integrate themselves in Germany as an immigration country.
“Education and support”
How does such an appeal reach “old” Germans who feel panic and insecure?They need not only education but also support. It would be a good thing to have integration courses for everyone, in which their questions could be answered: How can we all live together in an immigration country? Is it also okay for us to live parallel lives in some cases? From a sociological perspective, I take a relaxed view of this: modern societies contain all kinds of subcultures and milieus which do not mix, or do not mix immediately.
What can additionally be done to support successful integration?
One crucial aspect is for structures to be supported. This will depend on how much money is channelled into the education system, into integration courses, into language courses and into the professionalization of teachers who are increasingly confronted with multilingual students. What sort of support is there for the economy to ensure that the much-needed workers are actually given a chance? Many companies, schools and local authorities have been focusing on immigration for years and have acquired considerable experience when it comes to Germans and immigrants living together. We should ask these people more often how this can be achieved.
Annette Treibel is a professor of sociology at the Institute of Trans-disciplinary Social Sciences at Karlsruhe University of Education. Since 2011 she has been a member of the Rat für Migration (i.e. Council on Migration) under the auspices of the German Commission for UNESCO. In her book “Integriert Euch! Plädoyer für ein selbstbewusstes Einwanderungsland” (Campus-Verlag, 2015), she reveals that many immigrants have long lived at the heart of German society as a matter of course.
The integration course normally consists of 700 lessons:
The language course is 600 lessons. Usually you have 4 or 5 lessons per day. The weekend is free. Then the course lasts 6 to 7 months. But there are also more intensive courses, as well as morning, afternoon or evening courses. Ask the course provider.
The orientation course follows the language course and consists of 100 lessons. You usually have 5 lessons per day for this as well. Then the course lasts 3 to 4 weeks. But there are also more intensive versions of this course, as well as morning, afternoon or evening courses. Ask the course provider.
This project was funded by the ESRC. Dr Katharine Charsley was the Principal Investigator for this project leading a team of researchers. The co-investigators were Dr Sarah Spencer and Dr Hiranthi Jayaweera (COMPAS, Oxford). Dr Marta Bolognani was the qualitative researcher on the project. Evelyn Ersanilli, University of Oxford conducted analysis of the Labour Force Survey. The project lasted for 26 months.
Spouses constitute the largest category of migrant settlement in the UK. In Britain, as elsewhere in Europe, concern is increasingly expressed over the implications of marriage-related migration for integration. In some ethnic minority groups, significant numbers of children and grandchildren of former immigrants continue to marry partners from their ancestral homelands. Such marriages are presented as particularly problematic: a 'first generation' of spouses in every generation may inhibit processes of individual and group integration, impeding socio-economic participation and cultural change. New immigration restrictions likely to impact particularly on such groups have thus been justified on the grounds of promoting integration. The evidence base to underpin this concern is, however, surprisingly limited, and characterised by differing and often partial understandings of the contested and politicised concept of integration. This project combined analysis of relevant quantitative data sets, with qualitative research with the two largest ethnic groups involved (Indian Sikhs and Pakistani Muslims), to compare transnational ‘homeland’ marriages with intra-ethnic marriages within the UK.
The findings suggest that relationships between marriage migration and processes of integration are more complex than previously recognised. The findings from the project - set out in the report and briefing papers below - enhance understanding of the relationships between marriage-related migration and the complex processes glossed as integration, providing new opportunities for both policy and academic debates.
IMPACT
The MMI report was cited in the Casey Review into Integration and Opportunity, and the Integrated Communities Strategy Green Paper. The model of integration developed in the project was used as the conceptual foundation for the University of Oxford’s ‘Inclusive Cities’ Knowledge Exchange project, and cited in the Home Office’s 2019 ‘Indicators of Integration’ tool kit.
The MMI project led to two areas of follow-on work:
1. On integration support, including the neglected experiences of migrant husbands.
Working with QED-uk.org, two ESRC Impact Acceleration awards piloted pre-migration language and integration courses for men in Pakistan, leading to QED’s successful AMIF application for funding for a more general integration support scheme.
2. On couples and families kept apart by the UK family immigration system.
The Brigstow Institute-funded project ‘Kept Apart – making prose-poetry with people separated from families by the immigration system’ explores the dis-integrating impacts on couples and families in this position, and was cited in the House of Lords debate on post-Brexit immigration regulations.
Reports and Briefing Papers:
The book from the project is now available and you also can watch our book launch.
The model of integration developed in the project is outlined here: https://www.bristol.ac.uk/policybristol/policy-briefings/understanding-integration-processes/
Download a short briefing on Marriage and Migration: facilitating the integration of migrant spouses (PDF, 173kB)
Download the end of project report: Marriage, Migration and Integration: final report (PDF, 1,780kB)
Follow-on Projects:
Policy Bristol report on ESRC IAA projects.
‘Kept Apart’, Brigstow Institute project.
Read the Kept Apart multimedia ebook.
Or a short briefing on the policy implications of Kept Apart.
A specialised master's in Chemical Engineering, the MSc Advanced Process Integration and Design started in the Department of Chemical Engineering (UMIST) over twenty years ago. The programme was a result of emerging research from the Centre for Process Integration, initially focused on energy efficiency, but expanded to include efficient use of raw materials and emissions reduction. Much of the content of the course stems from research related to energy production, including oil and gas processing.
The MSc Advanced Process Integration and Design aims to enable students with a prior qualification in chemical engineering to acquire a deep and systematic conceptual understanding of the principles of process design and integration in relation to the petroleum, gas and chemicals sectors of the process industries.
Overview of course structure and content
In the first trimester, all students take course units on energy systems, utility systems and computer-aided process design. Energy Systems develops systematic methods for designing heat recovery systems, while Utility Systems focuses on provision of heat and power in the process industries. Computer Aided Process Design develops skills for modelling and optimisation of chemical processes.
In the second trimester, the students choose three elective units from a range covering reaction systems, distillation systems, distributed and renewable energy systems, biorefining, and oil and gas processing. These units focus on design, optimisation and integration of process technologies and their associated heat and power supply systems.
In two research-related units, students develop their research skills and prepare a proposal for their research project. These units develop students skills in critical assessment of research literature, group work, written and oral communication, time management and research planning.
Students then carry out the research project during the third trimester. In these projects, students apply their knowledge and skills in process design and integration to investigate a wide range of process technologies and design methodologies. recent projects have addressed modelling, assessment and optimisation of petroleum refinery hydrotreating processes, crude oil distillation systems, power plants, waste heat recovery systems, refrigeration cycles with mixed refrigerants, heat recovery steam generators, biorefining and biocatalytic processes and waste-to-energy technologies.
The course also aims to develop students' skills in implementing engineering models, optimisation and process simulation, in the context of chemical processes, using bespoke and commercially available software.
Industrial relevance of the course
A key feature of the course is the applicability and relevance of the learning to the process industries. The programme is underpinned by research activities in the Centre for Process Integration within the School. This research focuses on energy efficiency, the efficient use of raw materials, the reduction of emissions reduction and operability in the process industries. Much of this research has been supported financially by the Process Integration Research Consortium for over 30 years. Course units are updated regularly to reflect emerging research and design technologies developed at the University of Manchester and also from other research groups worldwide contributing to the field.
The research results have been transferred to industry via research communications, training and software leading to successful industrial application of the new methodologies. The Research Consortium continues to support research in process integration and design in Manchester, identifying industrial needs and challenges requiring further research and investigation and providing valuable feedback on practical application of the methodologies. In addition, the Centre for Process Integration has a long history of delivering material in the form of continuing professional development courses, for example in Japan, China, Malaysia, Australia, India, Saudi Arabia, Libya, Europe, the United States, Brazil and Colombia.
